Draftsman MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Draftsman - Download Free PDF

Explanation:

For highly realistic rendering in architectural visualization (like a residential interior), V-Ray is the industry-preferred rendering engine.

• V-Ray Lights simulate real-world lighting behavior far better than basic lights.

• GI (Global Illumination) allows for indirect light bouncing, making shadows softer and lighting more natural.

• This combination produces photorealistic images with accurate shadows, reflections, and ambient light distribution.

Used extensively in:

• Interior design visualizations

• Product renderings

• Architectural walk-throughs

Explanation:

In Autodesk 3ds Max, the Command Panel is the main area for creating and modifying objects.
The Modify tab (second tab in the Command Panel) allows users to:

• Adjust parameters like length, width, radius, segments, etc.

• Apply modifiers like Bend, Taper, Shell, etc.

• View and assign material IDs and map coordinates.

• Interact directly with a selected object’s geometry and properties.

This makes the Modify tab the core workspace for object-level editing.

Explanation:

In AutoCAD drafting for architectural plans, each building element (wall, text, dimension, etc.) is typically assigned to a specific layer to ensure clarity, readability, and standardized plotting.

• Walls are a primary structural component, and must be easily distinguishable from other elements.

• Industry practices assign them to a "Wall" layer, usually plotted with:

  • Continuous linetype (solid visible lines),

  • Higher lineweight (e.g., 0.35 mm or above) to make them visually prominent in the drawing,

  • A consistent color (e.g., color 7 or black) for plotting.

This ensures that walls stand out clearly in floor plans and are not confused with dimensions, text, or other annotations.

Explanation:

In elevation views of buildings, windows and doors are represented as rectangular shapes positioned within the walls.

• The RECTANGLE command in AutoCAD is:

  • Fast and efficient for drawing 2D shapes like windows and door outlines.

  • Allows easy input of exact dimensions (length × height).

  • Keeps all corners connected, avoiding broken lines or misalignment.

  • Simplifies modifications and copying.

Thus, RECTANGLE is the most suitable command for quickly drawing vertical elements in elevations with precision.

Explanation:

The various components of the roof trusses are explained below;

• Principal rafter or Chord: The main member that forms the outline of a truss and is subjected to enormous axial force and bending moment. The principal rafter of a roof truss is designed as s continuous strut.
• Web: The members that connect the bottom and top chords to form a triangular shape are the webs of roof trusses.
• Node: The point of convergence of at least two members that make up the panels of a truss is referred to as a node.
• Joint: A joint is the point at which at least one web intersects with a chord.
• Apex: It is the highest point where the sloping top chords join together.
• Bottom Chords: These are the shortest longitudinal member of the roof trusses. The bottom chord member of the roof truss is known as the main tie or principal tie.
• Purlin: Purlins are beams that are provided over roof trusses to support the roof coverings. Purlins span between the top chords of two adjacent roof trusses and transmit the loads from roof coverings to the trusses.

The correct answer is the Construction of border roads in high-altitude areas. Key Points

• National Highways in India are meant for inter-state transport and connect state capitals and major cities.
• They are maintained by the Central Government and are a crucial part of India's transportation network.
• Border roads in high-altitude areas are constructed by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), which is a separate entity from the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
• The BRO constructs and maintains roads in difficult terrain and border areas to ensure connectivity and strategic mobility for the Indian Armed Forces.
• National Highways are identified by their unique numbers, which range from 1 to 373 and cover a total length of over 135,000 km.

Additional Information

• The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is the owner of India's network of trunk roads, known as the national highways.
• At 4,112 km (2,555 mi), National Highway 44 is currently the longest National Highway in India.
• Major national highways in India were first four-laned under the National Highway Development Project (NHDP).
• India has about 35,000 km of four-lane national highways as of March 2022.

Explanation:

The standard size as per Bureau of Indian standard (B.I.S)

The correct answer is Lithosphere.Key Points

• Natural earthquakes occur in the lithosphere, which is the outermost layer of the earth.
• It includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
• The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on the asthenosphere, which is a more fluid layer beneath it.
• The movement of these plates creates stress on the rocks, which can cause them to break and release energy in the form of earthquakes.
• The lithosphere is also where most of the volcanic activity on earth occurs, as magma rises up from the mantle and reaches the surface through cracks in the crust.
• The inner core is a solid, dense ball of iron and nickel at the center of the earth.
• It is too deep and too hot for earthquakes to occur there.
• The mesosphere is the layer beneath the lithosphere, and it is too solid for earthquakes to occur there as well.

Additional Information

• The asthenosphere is a plastic layer beneath the lithosphere, where the rocks are partially molten and can flow.
  • It plays a key role in plate tectonics and the movement of the earth's crust.
• The inner core is the hottest part of the earth, with temperatures estimated to be as high as 5,500 degrees Celsius.
  • It is also under immense pressure, which keeps it solid despite the high temperatures.
• The mesosphere is a relatively unknown layer of the earth, as it is difficult to study due to its depth and lack of seismic activity.
  • It is thought to be a transition zone between the rigid lithosphere and the more fluid asthenosphere.

1. Diameter Symbol (∅) - %%C
2. Degree Symbol (°) - %%D 
3. Plus/Minus Symbol (±) - %%P
4. Underline (single character) - %%u followed by the character that needs to be underlined (e.g., %%uA)
5. Overline (single character) - %%o followed by the character that needs to have an overline (e.g., %%oA
6. Fraction Slash - %%/ (Use in combination with numbers and the stack command to create fractions, e.g., 1/2 with stack command becomes a fractional representation.)
7. Center Line Symbol  - Set font to "gdt" and type lowercase q
8. Unicode Characters - Use \U+ followed by the Unicode value (e.g., \U+2205 for the empty set symbol ∅, though not all AutoCAD versions may support this directly for every symbol.)
9. Section Symbol (§) - This doesn’t have a direct shortcut in AutoCAD text, but can be inserted via other means such as using Windows Character Map or typing the Unicode character code in certain contexts.
10. Phi/Greek Letters - While there isn't a direct "%%" code for all Greek letters such as Phi, you can use the MTEXT editor and choose symbols to insert various Greek letters,

Explanation:

Grades of pencils:

• Pencils are graded according to the hardness or softness of the lead.
• The hardest pencil is 9H grade and the softest pencil is 7B grade.
• Selection of the grade of pencils depends on the type of line work required and the paper on which it is used.
• Softer lead pencils are used to produce thicker and darker line work, but they wear out quickly.
• Medium grades of H, and 2H are used for general line work as well as for lettering.
• Harder grade leads produce lighter and thinner lines.
• Most construction line work is done with 4H, 5H, and 6H pencil leads, producing thin but also sufficiently dark by exerting pressure.
• Depending upon the individual's touch and the style of writing, the right pencil may be selected.

The correct answer is Border Roads Organisation.Key Points

• The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Border Roads Organisation (BRO), which is responsible for the development and maintenance of roads on the Indian borders.
• BRO is a leading road construction agency under the Ministry of Defence that was formed in 1960.
• Its primary objective is to ensure connectivity in the border areas of the country and provide better access to remote areas.
• The BRO is responsible for constructing and maintaining strategic roads, bridges, tunnels, and airfields in difficult terrains and hostile environments.
• They also undertake construction and maintenance of roads in the border regions of neighboring countries.
• The BRO has been instrumental in the development of road infrastructure in the Himalayan region, including the construction of the world's highest motorable road, the Umling La Pass in Ladakh.
• The BRO has also played a crucial role in the construction of roads in the northeastern states of India, which have helped in improving connectivity and development in the region.

Additional Information

• Option 2: Western Roadways Organisation is not a valid organization responsible for the development and maintenance of roads on the Indian borders.
• Option 3: National Green Highways Project is a government initiative that aims to develop eco-friendly national highways by planting trees along the highways to reduce pollution and promote sustainable development.
  • However, it is not responsible for the development and maintenance of roads on the Indian borders.
• Option 4: Eastern Roadways Organisation is not a valid organization responsible for the development and maintenance of roads on the Indian borders.

The correct answer is road.Key Points

• India has the second largest road network in the world, which is about 62.16 lakh km long.
• The Indian road network is just behind the United States in terms of length.
• The road network comprises national highways, state highways, district roads, and rural roads.
• The Indian government has been investing heavily in the development of roads and highways to improve connectivity and promote economic growth.

Additional Information

• India has a well-developed air network, but it is not the second largest in the world.
• The Indian railways are one of the largest in the world, but they are not the second largest road network.
• India has a vast coastline, but it does not have the second largest sea network in the world.

The correct answer is Bay

Key Points

• Bay: The space between two adjacent trusses is commonly referred to as a "bay."
• Trusses are structural elements that consist of triangular units, and they are often used in the construction of roofs and bridges.
• The distance between two trusses is considered a bay, and this term is commonly used in structural engineering and architecture.

Additional Information

• Span: Span generally refers to the distance between two supports, such as the distance between two walls or two columns. It is not specifically associated with trusses but can be a more general term for the length of a structural element.
• Panel: A panel is a flat or curved component within a structure. It might be part of a wall, floor, or roof, but it doesn't specifically refer to the space between trusses.
• Pitch: Pitch is the incline or slope of a roof, typically expressed as the ratio of the vertical rise to the horizontal span. It's not directly related to the space between trusses.

Explanation:

1. OSNAP TRACKING - While not really an Object Snap, this option allows you to pick any point on the screen and track from there. This point can be on an object or not.
2. FROM - This option allows you to select an Osnap and use it as a reference point. Very similar to Temporary Tracking.
3. ENDPOINT – This snap is used to get to the exact endpoint of a line, arc or other object that has a definite ending to it. This should be used for joining lines, and dimensioning. In general, you would want this on as a running Osnap in your drawing. The endpoint Osnap is indicated by a small square.
4. MIDPOINT – This is used to find the exact middle of any object that has a beginning and an end. All lines and arcs have a midpoint. (Circle have a center, not a midpoint.) This is also a good Osnap to have in running mode. The midpoint Osnap is indicated by a small triangle.
5. CENTER – The center Osnap is used to find the exact center of circles, arc and ellipses. This is also a good Osnap to leave in running mode. To pick the center point, you have to select the object itself, and not an area in the middle of the object. The center Osnap is indicated by a small circle.
6. GEOMETRIC CENTER – This is a new Osnap that is really handy. Use it when you need to snap to the 'geometric' center of a rectangle rather than trying to find the two midpoints. Works on closed polylines, rectangles, splines
7. NODE – Nodes are points. The are created using the point command. They are also created when an object is divided. A node Osnap is indicated by a circle with angled crosshairs in side.

The correct answer is Kolkata.Key Points

• The Golden Quadrilateral is a network of highways connecting the major cities of India.
• It is the largest highway project in India and was launched in 2001.
• The four major cities connected by the Golden Quadrilateral are Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, and Mumbai.
• These cities are located in different parts of India and are important centers of commerce, trade, and industry.

Additional Information

• The option 1, Kolkata, is the correct answer as it is one of the four cities connected by the Golden Quadrilateral.
  • Kolkata is the capital of West Bengal and is an important port city in eastern India.
• Option 2, Nagpur, is not a part of the Golden Quadrilateral.
  • However, it is an important city in central India and is known for its orange cultivation and manufacturing industries.
• Option 3, Jhansi, is also not a part of the Golden Quadrilateral.
  • It is a city in Uttar Pradesh and is known for its historical significance as it was a stronghold of the Maratha empire.
• Option 4, Dehradun, is not a part of the Golden Quadrilateral.
  • It is the capital of Uttarakhand and is known for its scenic beauty and as a center of education.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1, Kolkata, as it is one of the four cities connected by the Golden Quadrilateral.