Medieval History MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Medieval History - Download Free PDF

Last updated on Jun 27, 2025

Latest Medieval History MCQ Objective Questions

Medieval History Question 1:

Which Mughal emperor did away with the jizya tax?

  1. Aurangzeb
  2. Akbar
  3. Jahangir
  4. Dara Shikoh
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Akbar

Medieval History Question 1 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

  • Akbar, the third Mughal emperor, abolished the jizya tax in 1564.
  • Jizya was a tax imposed on non-Muslims (dhimmis) in Islamic states.
  • Akbar's policy of religious tolerance was a significant departure from previous practices.
  • This move was part of Akbar's broader policy to integrate the diverse communities within his empire.
  • His reign (1556-1605) is often noted for its progressive and inclusive governance.

Additional Information

  • Jizya Tax:
    • A tax historically levied on non-Muslim subjects in an Islamic state.
    • It was meant to be a form of protection money in exchange for exemption from military service.
  • Akbar's Religious Policies:
    • Promoted the policy of Sulh-e-Kul (universal peace) to maintain harmony.
    • Established the Ibadat Khana (House of Worship) in 1575 for religious discussions.
    • Introduced the Din-i Ilahi, a syncretic religion aimed at merging the best elements of various faiths.
  • Akbar's Administration:
    • Reorganized the central and provincial administration to enhance efficiency.
    • Implemented land revenue reforms and introduced a standardized system of weights and measures.
  • Akbar's Legacy:
    • Remembered as one of the greatest rulers in Indian history for his contributions to art, culture, and governance.
    • His policies laid the foundation for a more inclusive and prosperous Mughal Empire.

Medieval History Question 2:

Whom did Aurangzeb send to fight against Sambhaji?

  1. Aga Khan
  2. Shaista Khan
  3. Malik Noor
  4. Muqarrab Khan 
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Muqarrab Khan 

Medieval History Question 2 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Muqarrab Khan.

Key Points

  • Muqarrab Khan was a Mughal general under Emperor Aurangzeb.
  • He was sent by Aurangzeb to capture Sambhaji, the son of Shivaji and the second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire.
  • Muqarrab Khan played a crucial role in the battle that led to Sambhaji's capture in February 1689.
  • Sambhaji was later executed by Aurangzeb, marking a significant event in the Mughal-Maratha conflicts.

Additional Information

  • Background of Mughal-Maratha Conflicts
    • The Mughal-Maratha wars were a series of battles fought between the Mughal Empire and the Maratha Empire from the late 17th to early 18th centuries.
    • These conflicts were marked by intense guerrilla warfare tactics employed by the Marathas.
    • The wars significantly weakened the Mughal Empire and contributed to its eventual decline.
  • Aurangzeb's Deccan Campaign
    • Aurangzeb's Deccan campaign was one of the longest and most challenging military endeavors of his reign.
    • The campaign aimed to expand Mughal control over the Deccan region and subdue the Marathas.
    • Despite initial successes, the prolonged warfare drained the Mughal resources and military strength.
  • Sambhaji's Role and Legacy
    • Sambhaji succeeded his father, Shivaji, as the leader of the Maratha Empire in 1681.
    • He continued the struggle against the Mughals and other adversaries, maintaining Maratha resistance.
    • His capture and execution were seen as a martyrdom and further fueled Maratha resolve against Mughal domination.
  • Impact of Sambhaji's Execution
    • The execution of Sambhaji intensified the Maratha struggle against the Mughals.
    • It led to the rise of his younger brother, Rajaram, who continued the fight against the Mughal forces.
    • The Maratha resistance eventually contributed to the decline of Mughal power in India.

Medieval History Question 3:

Which Mughal prince took asylum at Srinagar (Garhwal) in 1658 A.D. ?

  1. Dara Shikoh
  2. Sulemman Shikoh
  3. Mirza Mughal 
  4. Nazawat Khan
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Sulemman Shikoh

Medieval History Question 3 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Suleman Shikoh.

Key Points

  • Suleman Shikoh took shelter in Srinagar Garhwal.
  • Suleman Shikoh
    • ​He was born to Dara Shikoh and his first wife Shazadi Nadira Banu Begum.
    • He was also the first grandchild of Shah Jahan.
    • In 1642, his father Dara Shikoh became the heir to the Mughal throne.
    • After the defeat of Dara Shikoh at the battle of Samugarh in1658,  Suleiman Shikoh took refuge in Garhwal in 1659 A.D.
    • Dara Shikoh's heir, Sulaiman Shikoh was a threat to Aurangzeb.
    • He was executed in May 1662 at Gwalior Fort on the orders of Emperor Aurangzeb.
  • According to Muntakhab-al Lubab, Suleiman Shikoh had sought refuge with the zamindar of Srinagar.
    • In Tuzuk-i- Jahangiri, Srinagar has been referred to for the kingdom of Garhwal.

Medieval History Question 4:

Which of the following was the last campaign of Shershah Suri?

  1. Miwar Campaign
  2. Battle of Semal
  3. Kalinjar Fort campaign
  4. Battle of Kannauj
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Kalinjar Fort campaign

Medieval History Question 4 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Kalinjar Fort campaign.Key Points 

  • Sher Shah Suri (the original name 'Farid Khan') was emperor of north India in the Islamic Sur (Afghan) dynasty. He was one of eight sons of 'Hasan Khan'.
  • He rebelled against his father and left home to enlist as a soldier in the service of Jamal Khan, the governor of Jaunpur.
  • He later worked for the Mughal king of Bihar, who rewarded him for bravery with the title of 'Sher Khan'.
  • He built the Grand Trunk Road (G.T. Road), Purana Quila in Delhi, and issued the coin called Rupia.
  • The Kalinjar Fort campaign was the last campaign of Sher Shah Suri. The battle was fought in 1545.
  • Sher Shah died while conquesting Kalinjar.

Additional Information

  • Military Achievements of Sher Shah Suri:
    • He defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun in the battle of Chausa (1539) and assumed the royal title of 'Farid al-Din Sher Shah'.
    • He defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun in the battle of Kannauj (17 May 1540) and annexed Kannauj.
    • Intent on expanding the sultanate of Delhi, he captured Malwa and Ranthamhor in 1542.
    • He conquered Raisin (1543), Rajputana annexation of Marwar (1542), and Chittor (1544).
    • He was killed during the siege of Kalinjar fort (1545) in Bundelkhand against the Rajputs of Mahoba.

Medieval History Question 5:

Jama Masjid of Delhi was constructed by which of the following Mughal emperors?

  1. Muhammad Azam Shah
  2. Humayun
  3. Jahangir
  4. Shah Jahan
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Shah Jahan

Medieval History Question 5 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Shah Jahan.

Key Points

  • Shah Jahan:
    • On 5 January 1592, Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, later known as Shah Jahan, was born to Mughal Emperor Jahangir and his wife Jagat Gosaini.
    • Shah Jahan was an able military commander. 
    • On becoming the emperor, Shah Jahan executed many of his former rivals including his own brother Shahryar. 
    • Before becoming king, as a prince, he had been the governor of the Deccan, Bihar, Bengal, Gujarat, and Delhi.
    • As king, Shah Jahan expanded the military and promoted the production of arms. He annexed several territories.
    • Shah Jahan married multiple times as was the custom.
    • His favorite was said to be Arjumand Banu Begum who is better known as Mumtaz Mahal.
    • She died during childbirth in 1631 and Shah Jahan was said to be depressed.
    • He got the Taj Mahal built in her honor and perhaps, he is most famous for this architectural feat.
    • He also created many other architectural marvels including the Pearl Mosque at Agra, the Red Fort of Delhi, the Jama Masjid at Delhi, the Shalimar Gardens, and some other buildings in present Pakistan.
    • He also got the famous Peacock Throne built.

Top Medieval History MCQ Objective Questions

Fatehpur Sikri was founded as the capital of the Mughal Empire by ______.

  1. Babur 
  2. Humayun 
  3. Jahangir
  4. Akbar

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Akbar

Medieval History Question 6 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

  • Fatehpur Sikri town was built by the Mughal Emperor, Akbar.
  • He had planned this city as his capital but the shortage of water compelled him to abandon the city.
  • After this within 20 years, the capital of Mughals was shifted to Lahore.
  • Fatehpur Sikri was built between 1571 and 1585. 

Additional Information

  • The Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur in 1526.
  • The First Battle of Panipat was fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526.
  • Battle of Khanwa between Babur and Rana Sanga in 1527.
  • Battle of Chanderi between Babur and Medni Rai in 1528.
  • Battle of Ghaggara between Babur and Mehmood Lodhi in 1529.

Which of the following rulers issued copper coins named as Jittal?

  1. Mohammad bin Tughlaq
  2. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
  3. Iltutmish
  4. Quli Qutub Shah

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Iltutmish

Medieval History Question 7 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Iltutmish​.

Key Points

  • Iltutmish (1211-1236):
    • He succeeded to the throne after Qutub-ud-din-Aibak.
    • He was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, belonging to the Mamluk dynasty.
    • He constituted corp of forty loyal slave Amirs known as Turkan-i-Chihalgani also called Chalisa.
    • He introduced the silver coin (tanka) and cooper coin (jittal).
    • He made Delhi the capital in place of Lahore.​

Additional Information

  • Firoz Shah Tughlaq:
    • He was the third ruler of Tughlaq dynasty that ruled over Delhi from 1351 to 1388 AD.
    • He established the Diwan-i-Khairat - office for charity
    • He established the Diwan-i-Bundagan -- department of slave
    • He is known to establish four new towns, Firozabad, Fatehabad, Jaunpur and Hissar.
    • He appointed Khan-i-Jahan Maqbal, a Telugu Brahmin convert as wazir (prime minister). 
      • The wazir helped the Sultan in his administration and maintained the prestige of the Sultanate during this period.
  • Mohammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351):
    • He shifted his capital from Delhi to Deogir and renamed it as Daulatabad.
    • Daulatabad is situated in Maharashtra. 
    • He built a road from Delhi to Deogir and also set up rest houses for the people.
    • He introduced bronze coins of the same value as Silver coins.
    • He established a new department of agriculture known as “Diwan-i-Kohi".
    • He also provided agricultural loan “Takavi” to the farmers.
  • Muhammed Quli Qutub Shah (1580-1612):
    • He was the fifth sultan of the Qutub Shahi dynasty of Golkonda
    • He founded the city of Hyderabad, in South-central India and built its architectural centrepiece, the Charminar. 
    • He founded the city of Hyderabad and named it as Bhagyanagar after his Hindu mistress Bhagamati.​

Which dynasty of Delhi Sultanate ruled for the shortest time?

  1. Khilji
  2. Tughlaq
  3. Sayyid
  4. Lodi

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Khilji

Medieval History Question 8 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Khilji.

Important Points

Dynasty Ruled Year
Slave Dynasty 1206-1290 84
Khilji Dynasty 1290-1320 30
Tughlaq Dynasty 1320-1414 94
Sayyid Dynasty 1414-1450 36
Lodhi dynasty 1451 to 1526 75
  •  Hence the Khilji Dynasty ruled for the shortest.

Additional Information

  • Lodhi dynasty from 1451 to 1526 AD (75 Year).
  • Longest duration-Tughlaq Dynasty.
  • Shortest duration-Khilji Dynasty.

The Battle of Chausa was fought between _____.

  1. Humayun and Sher Shah Suri
  2. Babur and Rana Sunga
  3. Akbar and Hemu
  4. Mohammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Humayun and Sher Shah Suri

Medieval History Question 9 Detailed Solution

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The correct option is Humayun and Sher Shah Suri.

Key Points:

  • The Battle of Chausa was fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri.
  • Sher Shah defeated Humayun in the battle of Chausa in 1539.
  • The tomb of Sher Shah Suri is located in Sasaram, Bihar.

Important battles in history:

Battles Year Result
1st battle of Panipat 1526

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi

Battle of Khanwa 1527

Babur defeated Rana Sunga

Battle of Chanderi 1528 Babur defeated Medini Rai (an associate of Rana Sanga)
Battle of Ghaghra 1529

Babur defeated Mahmud Lodi and Sultan Nusrat Shah

Battle of Kanauj  1540 Sher Shah defeated Humayun for the second time
2nd battle of Panipat 1556 Akbar defeated Hemu.

Which one of the following foreign travellers was physician to Prince Dara Shikoh who also wrote 'Travels in the Mughal Empire'.

  1. Francois Bernier
  2. Jean-Baptiste Tavernier
  3. Nicolo Conti
  4. Marco Polo

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Francois Bernier

Medieval History Question 10 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Francois Bernier.

Key Points

  • Francois Bernier (1656-1668)
    • He was a French physician and traveller.
    • He was in India from 1656-1668
    • He visited India during the reign of Shah Jahan.
    • He was physician to Prince Dara Shikoh and later was attached to the court of Aurangzeb
    • ‘Travels in the Mughal Empire’ was written by Francois Bernier.
    • The book mainly talks about the rules of Dara Shikoh and Aurangzeb.

Additional Information

  • Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (1605 – 1689) was a 17th-century French gem merchant and traveller. He visited India during the reign of Shahjahan. Travels in India by Jean Baptiste Tavernier, clearly states that Tavernier identified the diamond mining sites in India very clearly.
  • Nicolo Conti was an Italian merchant. He visited India during the reign of Deva Raya I of Vijayanagar.
  • Marco Polo was a European traveller. He visited Southern India during the reign of Rudramma Devi of the Kakatiyas.

The silver coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri was called:

  1. Tankah
  2. Rupiya
  3. Mohar
  4. Dinar

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Rupiya

Medieval History Question 11 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Rupiya.

Important Points

  • Sher Shah Suri was the founder of the Suri dynasty.
  • The silver coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri was called Rupiya.
  • Sher Shah Suri issued the Rupiya coin and fixed standard weights and measures all over the empire.
  • This coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri weighed 178 grains and was the precursor of the modern rupee.
  • Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun in the battle of Chausa and assumed the title of Farid al-Din Sher Shah as emperor in 1539.
  • He again defeated the Humayun in the battle of Kannauj and annexed Kannauj in 1540.
  • The grand trunk road that turns from Calcutta to Peshawar was built by Sher Shah Suri.

Additional Information

  • The silver Tankah coin was introduced by Iltutmish.
  • The mohur coin was introduced by Sher Shah Suri.
  • Gold coins called Dinar was introduced by Muhammad bin Tughluq.

Who was the founder of Khalsa Panth?

  1. Guru Nanak Dev
  2. Guru Arjun Dev
  3. Guru Teg Bahadur
  4. Guru Gobind Singh

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Guru Gobind Singh

Medieval History Question 12 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Guru Gobind Singh.Key Points

  • Khalsa tradition was initiated in 1699 by the Tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh.
  • Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism.
  • The founding of Khalsa is celebrated by Sikhs during the festival of Vaisakhi.

Additional Information

No. Sikh Gurus Important Points
1st  Guru Nanak Dev
  • 1469 AD to 1539 AD
  • Introduced the concept of God
  • Started Guru ka Langar
  • He was the contemporary of Mughal Emporer - Babur
2nd Guru Angad Dev
  • 1539 AD to 1552 AD
  • Introduced Gurmukhi Script
3rd Guru Amardas Sahib
  • 1552 AD to 1574 AD
  • Introduced Anand Karaj (Marriage Ceremony)
4th Guru Ram Das
  • 1574 AD to 1581 AD
  • Started construction of Golden Temple at Amritsar
5th Guru Arjan Dev
  • 1581 AD to 1606 AD
  • Compiled Adi Granth 
  • He became the first martyr in Sikh history when Emporer Jahangir ordered his execution.
6th Guru Har Gobind
  • 1606 AD to 1644 AD
  • Also known as Soldier Saint
    He organised a small army
7th Guru Har Rai Sahib
  • 1644 AD to 1661 AD
  • He gave shelter to Dara Shikoh
8th Guru Har Krishan Sahib
  • 1661 AD to 1664 AD
  • He was the youngest of the Gurus
9th Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib
  • 1665 AD to 1675 AD
  • Established the town Anandpur
10th Guru Gobind Singh Sahib
  • 1675 AD to 1708 AD
  • He created Khalsa in 1699.
  • Last Sikh guru in human form.

The first Battle of Panipat was fought between Ibrahim Lodi and ______.

  1. Jahangir
  2. Akbar
  3. Humayun
  4. Babur

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Babur

Medieval History Question 13 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Babur.

  • The First Battle of Panipat was fought in the year 1526 between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi in which Lodhi was defeated and Mughal rule was established in India.

Additional Information

Battle Date Fought between Won by

First Battle of Panipat

21 April 1526

Babur Vs Lodi

Babur

Second Battle of Panipat

November 5, 1556

Hemu Vs Akbar

Akbar

Third Battle of Panipat

14 January 1761

Abdali Vs Marathas

Abdali

 

Which of the following Mughal ruler has a mosque on his name in Fatehabad?

  1. Akbar 
  2. Babur
  3. Humayun
  4. Jahangir

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Humayun

Medieval History Question 14 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Humayun.

About Humayun:

  • There is a Small Mosque built by him known as the Humayun mosque in the city of Fatehabad. The reason behind the Mosque was built by the 2nd Mughal Emperor Humayun, who in his fight after his defeat at the hands of Sher Shah Suri happened to pass through the city of Fatehabad.
  • Humayun was born on 6th March 1508 in Kabul (Afghanistan). His real name was Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad popularly known as Humayun.
  • He was the second (2) Emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now PakistanNorthern India, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh from 1530–1540, and again he ruled in the 2nd term from 1555–1556.
  • In the year 1530, He succeeded his father Babur founder of the Mughal Empire to the throne of Delhi as second (2nd) ruler of the Mughal territories in the Indian subcontinent.
  • Humayun lost the Mughal territories to Sher Shah Suri but regained them after 15 years 1555-56 with the help of the Safavid dynasty of Persia.
  • On 24 January 1556, Humayun, who died in the Library with his arms full of books, was descending the staircase from his library and he lost the balance fallen down from the staircase, and died.
  • In his memoir, his (sister Gulbadan begum) wrote his autobiography named "Humayunama" which was written in the Persian language.

Notes:

  • The founder of the Mughal Empire was Babur, who defeated the Lodhi dynasty's last ruler Ibrahim Lodhi at the Batlle of Panipat in 1526 to establish the Mughal rule.

Mughals:

  • The Mughals were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.
  • From their mother’s side, they were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia.
  • From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern-day Turkey.
  • However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people.
  • It was also linked with the Uzbeks, their Mongol competitors.
  • On the other hand, the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry, not least of all because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398. 

In which year did Babur establish the Mughal rule in India?

  1. 1527
  2. 1529
  3. 1528
  4. 1526

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : 1526

Medieval History Question 15 Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is 1526.

Key Points

  • Babur(1526-1530):
    • He declared himself as Badshah.
    • He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India in 1526.
    • He defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526 at the first battle of Panipat, and thereby established the Mughal empire.
    • Baburnama, also known as Tuzk-e Babri is the autobiography of Babur.
    • Babur assumed the title of Ghazi after the victory in the battle of Khanwa.

Additional Information

  • Babur was the first mughal emeror in India.
  • Babur was born in 1483 in Fargana (Uzbekistan).
  • The first battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi.
  • The Battle was fought on April 21, 1526.
  • He wrote Tuzuk-i-Baburi (Autobiography of Babur) in the Turkish language.
  • According to Tuzuki-i-Baburi, Babur Died in 1530 and was buried at Aram Bagh (Agra). Later his body was taken to Afghanistan (Kabul). 
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