Which one of the following graphs correctly represents the current (I) - voltage (V) variation for a rectangular piece of a semiconductor wafer?

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

•  A wafer is a thin slice of semiconductor material crucial for creating integrated circuits in electronic devices.

• Therefore, being a semiconductor material, the accurate depiction of the relationship between current (I) and voltage (V) will be:

As the graph for reverse bias is absent in the options, selecting the graph for forward bias, namely option 3, is the appropriate choice.

Additional Information

• Wafers serve as the foundational substrate for embedding integrated circuits, making them the core of electronic devices.
• Raw silicon undergoes a series of steps to transform into a single crystal substrate.
• These steps aim to eliminate impurities like iron, aluminum, and boron.
• Single crystal samples with a specific orientation are produced through crystal growing.
• The single crystal samples are sliced into thin portions known as wafers.
• Various substances are diffused and deposited into the wafers to construct microcircuits.