Match the paradigms of programming languages with their respective feature.

LIST - I (Paradigm)		LIST - II (Feature)
A.	Object-oriented	I.	Based on mathematical functions
B.	Functional	II.	Sequential execution of instructions
C.	Procedural	III.	Encapsulation and inheritance
D.	Declarative	IV.	Describes what to do, not how to do it

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The Correct answer is A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV.

Key Points

• Object-oriented:
  • Object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts began to take shape in the 1970s.
  • The first language that included the primary concepts of OOP was Simula, developed in the late 1960s but gained prominence in the 1970s.
  • OOP focuses on data encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
  • Languages like Smalltalk further advanced OOP in the 1970s and 1980s.
  • OOP has become a fundamental paradigm in software development due to its ability to model complex systems effectively.
• Functional:
  • Functional Programming (FP) is based on the concept of pure functions.
  • It treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions, avoiding shared states and mutable data.
  • Examples: Haskell, Lisp, Scala.
• Procedural:
  • Procedural Programming (PP) follows a step-by-step sequence of instructions.
  • It uses functions or procedures to structure programs.
  • The execution flow is controlled using loops, conditionals, and function calls.
  • Examples: C, Pascal, Fortran.
• Declarative:
  • Declarative Programming focuses on defining the desired outcome rather than the step-by-step process.
  • The program logic is described without explicitly controlling the flow of execution.
  • Examples: SQL (Structured Query Language), Prolog (Logic Programming)