Periodic Table MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Periodic Table - Download Free PDF

The correct option is Iron, chromium, and nickel.

Key Points

•  Stainless steel is a corrosion-free alloy of iron, chromium, and nickel metals.
• Alloy is a type of metal produced by the combination of various metals.
• Chromium has a vital role in stainless steel and is present in 11%.
• Due to the presence of chromium, it cannot react with oxygen in the surroundings and prevent itself from corrosion.
• It is malleable in nature and can be converted into a sheet, roll, wires, plates, etc.
• The household cookware, appliances, instruments, and other things are made from stainless steel. 

Additional Information Iron

• Iron is greyish lustrous metal and has the symbol Fe.
• It is a bulky metal.
• It can rust easily in contact with air.
• It is hard with high density and also malleable and ductile in nature.
• Oxidation of iron occurs in contact with water or air or oxygen forms corrosion.

Chromium

• Chromium is shiny metal and has the symbol Cr.
• It is basically used to harden the steel.
• Chromium plating is used during steel formation to prevent it from rusting.
• It is generally used in metallurgy.

Nickel

• Nickel is greyish shiny metal and has the symbol Ni.
• Generally, it is rarely used in its pure form.
• It can enhance the property of various alloys and help them to prevent rust.
• It is malleable and ductile.
• It is used in batteries, turbine blades, armor plating, etc.

The correct answer is They are also called transition elements.

Key Points

• P-block elements include non-metals, metalloids, and noble gases, but not transition elements.
• These elements belong to Groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table.
• The general electronic configuration of p-block elements is ns²np¹ to ns²np⁶.
• Transition elements, on the other hand, are d-block elements and are found in Groups 3 to 12, making the statement incorrect.
• The p-block contains a diverse range of elements with varying properties, including metals, metalloids, and non-metals.

Additional Information

• p-block Elements:
  • These elements are located on the right side of the periodic table, excluding helium.
  • They show variable oxidation states and include some of the most reactive non-metals like fluorine and oxygen.
  • The p-block includes halogens (Group 17) and noble gases (Group 18), which exhibit unique chemical properties.
• d-block (Transition) Elements:
  • These elements are found in Groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table.
  • Their general electronic configuration is (n-1)d¹–¹⁰ns¹–².
  • They exhibit metallic properties and are known for forming colored compounds and acting as catalysts.
• Periodic Table Grouping:
  • The periodic table is divided into s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block elements based on their outermost electron configurations.
  • s-block contains Groups 1 and 2, p-block contains Groups 13 to 18, d-block contains Groups 3 to 12, and f-block consists of lanthanides and actinides.
• Unique Properties of Noble Gases:
  • Noble gases (Group 18) are chemically inert due to their completely filled valence shells.
  • They are used in various applications like lighting (neon lights) and cryogenics (liquid helium).

The correct answer is p block.

Key Points

• The representative elements are the elements placed in the s and p blocks of the periodic table, which include groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 17 (except group 18, the noble gases).
• These elements are reactive due to their partially filled outer electron shells.
• They play a significant role in chemical reactions and are also called main group elements.
• The noble gases (group 18) are not considered representative elements as they have fully filled electron shells and are unreactive.

Additional Information

• The d block elements are called transition metals, and the f block elements are called inner transition metals, including the lanthanides and actinides.
• The transition and inner transition elements exhibit different chemical and physical properties compared to the representative elements.

The correct answer is Transition elements.Key PointsSuperconductors:

• Superconductivity is a set of physical properties:
  • electrical resistance vanishes 
  • magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
• Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero
• A superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero.
• An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
• Superconductor material classes include chemical elements (e.g. mercury or lead), alloys (such as niobium-titanium, germanium–niobium, and niobium nitride), ceramics (YBCO and magnesium diboride), etc.
• Superconductors are mostly compounds of transition metal. Hence option 4 is correct.

The correct answer is d-Block elements.    

• d-Block elements are called- ''Transition elements'' because the elements move from one place to another. 
• Block division of Elements: 
  • The s-block elements having group 2 (alkaline earth metals) & group 1 (alkali metals).
  • The p-block elements are groups 13-18 (basic metals, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases).
  • The d and f Block elements in the groups of 3 to 11 are also called transition elements and inner transition elements respectively.
  • 4f and 5f orbitals of f-block elements are steadily in the next two long periods.
  • The position is highly thoughtful in the periodic table according to its nature & properties.

Additional Information

• Modern Periodic Table: 
  • The defects of the periodic table of  Mendeleev were sorting out by Henry Moseley who invented the modern periodic law in 1913. 
  • The law of modern table states that - ''according to the increasing order of their atomic numbers if the elements are arranged, then the element's physical & chemical properties are repeated after regular intervals.

K2CO3 or potassium carbonate is known as pearl ash.

• Pearl ash, in ancient times, was created by baking potash in a kiln in order to remove impurities. The remaining fine, white powder was pearl ash.
• Potassium carbonate is an inorganic compound and a white salt which is soluble in water.
• It is mainly used in the production of glass and soap.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 1, i.e  Alkali Metals.

EXPLANATION:

• The elements in the first group of s-block are also known as Alkali Metals. These have only one electron in their outermost shell and hence are quite reactive as they easily lose their electron to form bonds with non-metals.

• The elements in the second group of s-block are also known as Alkaline Earth Metals. These have two electrons in their outermost shell and are less reactive than Alkali metals.
• Halogens are the group 17 elements and are placed in the p-block.
• Noble gases are the group 18 elements and are placed in the p-block. These are the least reactive amongst all the elements found in the periodic table as they have a stable configuration.

The Correct Answer is Option (4) i.e. Potassium.

• Potassium belongs to the group of alkali metals and belongs to the group-1 of the periodic table which lies in the s-block of the periodic table.
• The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
• The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group-2 of the periodic table.
• Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium are the six elements of the group of alkaline earth metals.

The correct answer is Preserving pickle.

Key Points

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is known as 'caustic soda' and it is a 'high-base' alkali.
• It is used in the manufacture of pulp and paper cloth, drinking water, soap, and detergent.
• In the field of medicine, sodium hydroxide is used for the treatment, control, prevention, and improvement of diseases.

Hint

• Sodium benzoate is used as a preservative for carbonated drinks, jams and fruit juices, and pickles.

Key PointsGunmetal, also known as red brass, is a type of bronze  an alloy of copper, tin, and zinc. Proportions vary by source, but 88% copper, 8-10% tin, and 2-4% zinc is an approximations. 

• It was used mainly for making guns and bullets. Now it is superseded by Steel.
• Gunmetal is used extensively for making heavy machinery parts as it can withstand high pressure and is corrosion resistant.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Both of them undergo sublimation.

Important Points

• Both camphor and ammonium chloride are solid at room temperature.
• But they are vaporised (gas phase) when heat is applied.
  • This property is called Sublimation.

Key Points

• Sublimation - Direct conversion of a solid into the vapour state is called sublimation.
• The heat of sublimation - Heat required to change a unit mass of solid directly into vapour, at a given temperature, is called the heat of sublimation at that temperature.

Additional Information

• Camphor:
  • Colourless or white crystalline powder, flammable, waxy with a strong mothball-like odour.
  • Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₆O.
  • Organic compound.
• Ammonium chloride:
  • Molecular Formula: NH₄Cl
  • Also, called sal ammoniac (White crystalline salt).
  • Inorganic compounds and highly soluble in water, alcohol, methanol, glycerol, etc.
  • Ammonium Chloride gives an acidic solution by dissolving in water.
  • Inorganic compound.

The correct answer is Ethanol.

Key Points

• Ethanol, anhydrous ethyl alcohol has a chemical formula of C2H5OH or CH3CH2OH.
• It can be produced from sugarcane, maize, wheat, etc which are having high starch content. 
• Ethanol can be mixed with the gasoline to form different blends. 
• As the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions and thereby reducing the occurrence of environmental pollution.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Argon.

Key Points

• Argon has all filled orbitals as well as a filled valence shell.
• As a result, it doesn’t want to lose or gain any electrons.
• Hence, argon has the lowest electron affinity.

Important Points

• Electron affinity is the change in energy of a neutral atom (gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion.
  • Electron affinity increases from left to right in the Periodic Table.
  • Electron affinity decreases down the groups.
• The electronic affinity of the Noble gases, Alkali metals, and Alkali earth metals are close to zero.

Additional Information

Fluorine

• Atomic number: 9.
• Symbol: F.
• Most electronegative element.
• First isolated by Henri Moissan.

Bromine

• Atomic number: 35.
• Symbol: Br.
• It is the third-lightest halogen and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas.
• Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine.

• Atomic number 17.
• Symbol Cl.
• Discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
• Second-lightest of the halogens.

The correct answer is f - block.

• Erbium is a chemical element with the symbol Er and atomic number 68.
• Natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements.
• When artificially isolated it looks like a silvery-white.
• It belongs to the f - block of the periodic table.

The correct answer is Zn.

Key Points

• Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
• Atomic Number is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an element.
• It is used to determine the characteristics of an element and it is also referred to for placing an element in the Periodic Table.
• The Atomic Number of Zinc (Zn) is 30 whereas the Mass Number is 65 i.e. it has 35 neutrons.
• It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table.
• Zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions are of similar size.

Additional Information