Cloze Test MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Cloze Test - Download Free PDF

Key Points

• The sentence refers to the requirement for research involving genetically modified cells to comply with official rules and standards.
• The word required should indicate that these rules come from official authorities, such as agencies or bodies overseeing public health and safety.
• “Governmental” is the most appropriate choice as it denotes rules or guidelines issued by a government or official body responsible for regulation and approval.
• Other options such as "fictional", "arbitrary", "historical", and "urban" are irrelevant or contextually incorrect when referring to official regulations or ethical standards in scientific research.

Additional Information

• Fictional (काल्पनिक): Means imaginary; inappropriate in the context of real regulatory requirements.
• Arbitrary (मनमाना): Means based on random choice or personal whim, lacking the structured authority needed here.
• Historical (ऐतिहासिक): Refers to the past, not relevant to current regulatory guidelines.
• Urban (शहरी): Pertains to cities or towns, unrelated to the regulatory context of biomedical research.

Key Points

• The sentence refers to the use of advanced genetic engineering techniques, such as CRISPR, which are used to make precise changes in DNA.
• The word that best fits the context of making “genetic modifications precisely” is “insert,” which refers to placing specific gene sequences at exact locations in the genome.
• CRISPR is primarily used to insert, delete, or edit segments of DNA; thus, “insert” aligns perfectly with the precision emphasized in the sentence.
• Other options like “initiate” (to begin), “verify” (to confirm), “prevent” (to stop), and “compel” (to force) do not accurately describe the technical action being undertaken with genetic material.

Additional Information

• Initiate (प्रारंभ करना): Refers to starting a process, not suitable for describing a technical operation like modifying DNA.
• Verify (सत्यापित करना): Means to confirm or check, not to make a physical or molecular change.
• Prevent (रोकना): Means to stop something from happening, not to carry out a precise action.
• Compel (मजबूर करना): Means to force, irrelevant in the context of genetic engineering techniques.

Key Points

• The sentence highlights a contrast between a new method involving follicular cells and conventional vaccine development techniques.
• To show this contrast, a word is needed that clearly indicates a distinction or deviation from the traditional approach.
• “Different” is the most appropriate choice as it effectively conveys that the new technique deviates from or is not the same as older methods.
• Words like “indistinguishable” and “derived” imply similarity or origin rather than contrast, while “separated” and “removed” do not fit the context of comparing methodologies.

Additional Information

• Indistinguishable (अविभाज्य): Suggests no difference, which contradicts the contrast implied in the sentence.
• Derived (व्युत्पन्न): Implies origin or source, not a difference in method.
• Separated (अलग किया गया): Refers to physical division, not applicable in the context of comparing scientific approaches.
• Removed (हटाया गया): Implies elimination, which doesn’t convey the intended contrast in techniques.

Key Points

• The sentence discusses how follicular cells can be engineered to express certain biological elements to train the immune system.
• To prepare the immune system against a pathogen, the engineered cells must express components that can be recognised by the immune system as foreign.
• “Antigens” are molecules, often proteins, present on the surface of pathogens that trigger an immune response, making it the most appropriate term in the context of vaccine development.
• Other options like “hormones”, “lipids”, “enzymes”, and “antibodies” do not serve the function of training the immune system to recognise pathogens.

Additional Information

• Hormones (हार्मोन): Chemical messengers that regulate physiological processes but are not used to trigger immune responses to pathogens.
• Lipids (वसा): Fat molecules that form cell membranes but are not commonly used to train immune responses.
• Enzymes (एंजाइम): Catalysts for biochemical reactions, not typically recognised as foreign by the immune system.
• Antibodies (प्रतिरक्षी): Produced by the immune system in response to antigens, not introduced to initiate a response.

Key Points

• The sentence discusses how researchers believe follicular cells can be used to generate specific immune responses.
• The verb needed should indicate a process that activates or encourages the cells to act or respond in a specific way.
• “Stimulated” means encouraged or activated, particularly in a biological or physiological context, which fits perfectly here.
• Other options like "destroyed", "ignored", "examined", or "hindered" either suggest negative actions or passive observations, which contradict the idea of actively using the cells for vaccine development.

Additional Information

• Destroyed (नष्ट किया गया): This implies elimination, which contradicts the intended functional use of cells in immune activation.
• Ignored (नज़रअंदाज़ किया गया): Implies neglect, unsuitable in the context of deliberate biomedical application.
• Examined (जांच किया गया): Refers to analysis, not activation or purposeful use.
• Hindered (बाधित किया गया): Means obstructed, opposite of the intended meaning of encouraging immune response.

The correct answer is option 2), i.e. oblige.

Key Points

• The passage is all about political interference in the administrative system and its effects.
• Let’s find out the usage of the words given in the options-
• Disappoint: fail to fulfil hopes or expectation
• Oblige: do as someone asks or desires to please them.
• Oppose: disagree or actively resist someone or something.
• Fascinate: attract the strong attention or interest of someone. 
• “Many civil servants are only too anxious to ______ the politicians, and then cash the obligation when they need some special needs”. Here ‘anxious’ means very eager or concerned to do something. Clearly 'disappoint' and 'oppose' cannot fit here with word 'anxious'.
• “..then cash the obligation when they need some special needs.” Word ‘obligation’ gives a hint that words similar to obligation will be more apt.
• Therefore, 'oblige' will be the correct option.

The correct answer is proverbial.

Key Points

• Proverbial: well known and talked about by a lot of people. लोकप्रसिद्घ, जाना-माना
• Thus, the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4 is option 2.

Additional Information

• Mythical: existing only in myths. जो केवल मिथकों में हो, मिथकीय
• Hypothetical: based on situations that have not yet happened, not on facts. प्राक्‍कल्‍पना पर आधारित
• Classified: officially secret. अधिकृत रूप से गोपनीय

The correct answer is 'Moreover'.

Key Points

• The title of the given passage can be 'Dolphin boom in Odisha's Chilika lake'.
• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'Moreover'.
• It means '(used for adding another fact) also; in addition'. [(कुछ और जोड़ने के लिए प्रयुक्त) साथ ही; के अतिरिक्त]
  • Example: This firm did the work very well. Moreover, the cost was not too high.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
   

Correct Passage: The rise in the Irrawaddy dolphin population in Chilika can be attributed to the eviction of illegal fish enclosures. After thousands of hectares of Chilika lake were made encroachment free, Irrawaddy dolphins found unobstructed area for movement. Moreover, due to the COVID-19 lockdown last year, there were comparatively fewer tourist boats on Chilika lake, which made it (5) ______ for dolphins to move from one part of the lake to another. 

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
  • Nevertheless: in spite of that. (तथापि, ऐसा होने पर भी)
  • Whereas: used for showing a fact that is different. [जबकि (ऐसी स्थिति दर्शाने के लिए प्रयुक्त जो भिन्‍न है)]
  • However: (used for adding a comment to what you have just said) although something is true. [(अभी कही बात के साथ कुछ और कहने के लिए प्रयुक्त) तथापि, तो भी]

The word to be used in the blank is --country.

Country-- is a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.

The sentence now means that after the decline of the Mughal empire, no further Indian power emerged to unite the country, which is India, under a central authority.

The rest of the options are incorrect as they mean:

Territory: an area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state

State: The word --state-- is sometimes used to denote subdivisions of the country as in India or as areas with a lot of powers like states in the United States or even for countries. An example of the latter is international conventions and agreements which refer to --state parties to the convention...etc.

So India is a country. It can also be referred to as a --state-- in some international conventions and legal documents

 Region: an area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.

Hence the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'conducive'.

Key Points

• The title of the given passage can be 'Dolphin boom in Odisha's Chilika lake'.
• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'conducive'.
• It means 'helping or making something happen'. (सहायक या किसी का कारण बनना)
  • Example: This hot weather is not conducive to hard work.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
   

Correct Passage: The rise in the Irrawaddy dolphin population in Chilika can be attributed to the eviction of illegal fish enclosures. After thousands of hectares of Chilika lake were made encroachment free, Irrawaddy dolphins found unobstructed area for movement. Moreover, due to the COVID-19 lockdown last year, there were comparatively fewer tourist boats on Chilika lake, which made it conducive for dolphins to move from one part of the lake to another. 

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words: 
  • hurtful: unkind; making somebody feel upset and offended. (निष्‍ठुर; किसी को परेशान या अपमानित करने वाला)
  • disturbing: making you worried or upset. (चिंतित या परेशान)
  • detrimental: tending to cause harm. (नुकसान पहुँचाने की प्रवृत्ति)

The correct answer is adaptation.

Key Points

• Adaptation: the state or process of changing to suit a new situation. नई परिस्थिति के अनुसार किसी वस्‍तु को बदलने की प्रक्रिया या स्थिति; अनुकूलन
• All other given options do not show any parallelism with the given context.

 Additional Information

• Enhancement: an increase or improvement in quality, value, or extent. वृद्धि
• Anticipation: the state of expecting something to happen (and preparing for it). प्रत्‍याशा, पूर्वाभास
• Monitoring: gerund or present participle: monitoring; to check, record or test something regularly for a period of time. निश्चित समयावधि तक नियमित रूप से किसी बात की जाँच-पड़ताल या उसे रिकार्ड करना

The correct answer is 'accordingly'.

Key Points

• After reading the passage we get an idea that the passage is based on competition and how a student tackles it.
• The suitable word which best suits is 'accordingly'. 
• After adding the word in sentence Students must be aware of the tough environment they are entering and prepare accordingly in order to improve their chances.

​ Additional Information

Let's look at the other words,

• Reluctantly: not willing to do something.
• Consequently: as a result.
• Exponentially: more and more rapidly.

The correct answer is 'encroachment'.

Key Points

• The title of the given passage can be 'Dolphin boom in Odisha's Chilika lake'.
• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'encroachment'. 
• It means 'intrusion on a person's territory, rights, etc'. (किसी व्यक्ति के क्षेत्र, अधिकार, आदि पर घुसपैठ)
  • Example: Minor encroachments on our individual liberties.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.
   

Correct Passage: The rise in the Irrawaddy dolphin population in Chilika can be attributed to the eviction of illegal fish enclosures. After thousands of hectares of Chilika lake were made encroachment free, Irrawaddy dolphins found unobstructed area for movement. (4) ______, due to the COVID-19 lockdown last year, there were comparatively fewer tourist boats on Chilika lake, which made it (5) ______ for dolphins to move from one part of the lake to another. 

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
  • intervention: the action or process of intervening. (हस्तक्षेप करने की क्रिया या प्रक्रिया)
  • trespass: to go onto somebody’s land or property without permission. [किसी की भूमि या (गृह) संपत्ति में अनधिकार प्रवेश करना]
  • confiscation: the action of taking or seizing someone's property with authority; seizure. (ज़ब्‍ती, क़ुरक़ी) 

The correct answer is force.

Key Points

• Force:  something powerful that drives or propels change.
• All other given options do not show any parallelism with the given context.
• Thus, the correct option is option 4. 

Additional Information

• Impact: an effect or impression. परिणाम या प्रभाव
• Might: used for saying that something is possible. किसी बात की ‘संभावना’ का अर्थ व्‍यक्त करने के लिए प्रयुक्त
• Factors: things that influences a decision, situation, etc. किसी निर्णय, स्थिति आदि को प्रभावित करने वाला तत्‍व; कारक

Confusion Points

• In the given question, 'force' is a singular noun, which fits well with the singular verb 'can be'.
• 'Force' here refers to an impetus or a driving power, and it gives the sentence a strong, decisive sense of direction.
• The use of 'factors' is incorrect grammatically because 'factors' is a plural noun.
• Using a plural noun ('factors') after 'the prime' (which expects a singular noun) and with the singular verb 'can be' would be incorrect.
• The construction 'the prime factors' suggests that there are several most important factors, but the verb 'can be' implies there is one thing (Digital India) that fills this role.

The correct answer is 'drastically'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'drastically'.
• It means 'in a way that is likely to have a strong or far-reaching effect (एक तरह से जो एक मजबूत या दूरगामी प्रभाव होने की संभावना है)'.
  • Example: His life wouldn't change drastically if he agreed
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.
   

Correct Passage: New cycle routes have been built in and around the centre of Birmingham and speed limits have been reduced on selected roads. The scheme has now been in operation for a year and has been hailed as a great success. Since the new speed limits were enforced, the number of accidents in the area have fallen drastically.