The purpose of formative assessment is:

Formative assessment serves the dual purpose of both monitoring the progress of the teaching-learning process and improving it.

Key Points

Let's break down the reasons:

To Know the Progress of the Teaching-Learning Process:

• Formative assessment involves ongoing, regular evaluations conducted during the learning process.
• It provides real-time feedback on students' understanding, allowing teachers to gauge the effectiveness of their instructional methods.
• It helps identify areas where students may be struggling and areas where they are excelling.

To Improve Teaching-Learning Process:

• One of the primary objectives of formative assessment is to gather information about how well students are learning and what adjustments might be needed in teaching strategies.
• Teachers use the feedback obtained from formative assessments to make timely adjustments to their instructional methods, materials, and approaches.
• This iterative process contributes to continuous improvement in the teaching-learning dynamic.

Therefore, option 3, "Both of the above," accurately captures the dual nature of formative assessment.