An electrical circuit provides effective impedance of -2jΩ. What will be the phase difference between voltage and current in this circuit?

Concept:

Impedance in the alternating current circuit is defined as the net opposing factor to the flow of current.

This opposition may be due to Resistance & Inductance or Resistance & Capacitance or Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance.

It is denoted by the symbol Z.

Z is often expressed as Z = R+jX

\(Z = \frac{V∠ θ_{v}}{I∠ θ_{i}} = R + jX\)

\(|Z|∠ θ = \left |\frac{V }{I } \right |∠ (θ_{v} -θ_{i} ) = \sqrt{R^{2} + X^{2} }∠\tan^{-1}\left ( \frac{X}{R} \right )\)

Calculation:

Given;

Z = -2jΩ = 2∠-90° 

θ_v - θ_i= -90°

∴  phase difference between voltage and current is -90°