A septic tank is

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APSC JE Civil 14 Jul 2024 Official Paper
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  1. an aerobic method of on-site sewage treatment
  2. an anaerobic method of on-site treatment
  3. a physical method of water treatment 
  4. a physiochemical method of water treatment

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : an anaerobic method of on-site treatment
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Explanation:

Septic Tank

A septic tank is a key component of an on-site sewage treatment system, primarily used in areas where centralized sewer systems are not available. It operates using anaerobic processes to treat sewage.

Analyzing the Given Options

  1. Option 1: "An aerobic method of on-site sewage treatment." (Incorrect)

    • Explanation: Aerobic methods require oxygen for microbial breakdown of waste. A septic tank primarily operates under anaerobic conditions, where oxygen is not required.

  2. Option 2: "An anaerobic method of on-site treatment." (Correct)

    • Explanation: Septic tanks rely on anaerobic bacteria to break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. This is the correct description of how a septic tank functions.

  3. Option 3: "A physical method of water treatment." (Incorrect)

    • Explanation: While septic tanks may involve some physical processes like sedimentation, their primary function is biological treatment using anaerobic microorganisms.

  4. Option 4: "A physiochemical method of water treatment." (Incorrect)

    • Explanation: Physiochemical treatment involves chemical reactions or physical processes, which are not the main mechanism in septic tanks. Septic tanks are based on biological anaerobic processes.

Correct Answer: Option 2

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