Mahatma Gandhi MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Mahatma Gandhi - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Gandhi was a firm believer in the essential unity of man and all lives. His faith in God, truth and non-violence enabled him to lead a much-disciplined life and attain a spirit of moral superiority in all his actions. According to him "The process of learning should be as far as possible a pleasurable one and not laborious." Gandhi’s ‘Message to the Students’ envisions their role in nation-building and service to society. He envisioned a society free of exploitation and injustice and a social structure based on moral and equitable principles. Also Note:

• He considered fearlessness as the most fundamental quality without which the goals of Swaraj and Swadeshi remain unfulfilled.
• He campaigned for spirituality as the highest virtue in this materialistic civilisation and society and taught the students virtues of such values. Love for motherland, mankind and mother-tongue are crucial elements that need to be fostered.
• Gandhi advised the students to get rid of the infatuation with the English language and not let the Western culture and standards encroach upon their lives.
• Gandhi stressed on personal purity, character-building, celibacy, duty towards parents, faith in God, religion and scriptures and Gita to be the guiding forces of the youth.
• Gandhi advised the girl students against copying the western culture or English language for these are no standards of a ‘modern girl’ image. He also cautioned them against the unruly behaviour of men and advised them to initiate a crusade against the rude behaviour of the students.

Hence, we conclude that the above statement is given by Mahatma Gandhi.

Gandhiji was an idealist and considered humans as a combination of body, mind, heart, and soul. In his own words—By education, I mean an all-round drawing out of the best, in child and man-body, mind and spirit.

He proposed the following system of education:

• Art, Music, and Painting
• Activities such as hygiene, exercise, games and sports, etc
• Yoga and meditation for spiritual development
• Learning through listening to verbal teaching, then contemplating and finally practicing it.
• Hand skills such as spinning, weaving, gardening, carpentry, etc.

Basic education was introduced in India by Gandhiji.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi was the founding father of Basic Education.
• The founding father of Basic education is the father of the nation, Mahatma Gandhi.
• Mahatma Gandhi introduced Basis education in his ashram in the year 1946.
• Basic education is a principle that states that knowledge and work aren't separate.

Additional InformationMahatma Gandhi promoted an academic curriculum with the same name based on this pedagogical principle. It can be translated with the phrase 'Basic Education for all. The term ‘Basic’ is critical in Basic Education. Basic comes from the term “Base”. which means bottom or foundation. so, in the literary sense, Basic Education is the foundation of education or education at the primary level on which the edifice of the structure of higher education can be built.

Basic Education theme pattern:

• Pre-basic (up to six years )
• Basic (from seven to fourteen years)
• Post-Basic (from fifteen to 18)
• University education
• Social and adult education

The correct answer is 150th

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869.
• He was an Indian lawyer, politician, social activist, and writer.
• He became the leader of the nationalist movement against the British rule of India.
• He was known as the Father of the Nation.
• Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest (Satyagraha) to achieve political and social progress.

Important Points

• He died January 30, 1948, in Delhi, and the day is celebrated as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs' Day.

Additional Information

• His autobiography is titled My Experiments with Truth.
• Important movements led by Mahatma Gandhi:
  • ​Champaran Movement (1917)
  • Kheda Movement (1918)
  • Khilafat Movement (1919)
  • Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)
  • Civil Disobedience Movement: Dandi March (1930)
  • Quit India Movement (1942)

Mahatma Gandhi introduces the Wardha Scheme of 1935. His main intention to introduce this scheme was to improve the prevailing system and aims of education in India.

Resolution of Wardha Conference on Primary Education:

In this Wardha Conference after a good deal of discussion following important resolutions on primary education was passed.

1. Free and compulsory primary education must be provided for 7 years on a nationwide scale.
2. The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue.
3. Education for this period should center around a manual craft and productive work suitable for the local condition.
4. The system of education will be able to cover gradually the remunerations of the teachers.

Therefore, “The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue” resolution was passed by the Wardha Scheme.

Additional Information

Woods Despatch (1854):

• The wood's despatch is popularly known as the Magna Carta of English education in India.
• Wood's despatch came in July 1854, when Sir Charles Wood was the President of the Board of Control.
• Important measures taken by East India Company after Wood's despatch are:
  • Setting up new institutions in Calcutta,  Bombay, and Madras in 1857.
  • In all provinces, education departments were set up.
  • Promotion of English education.

Hartog Committee (1929):

• The committee focused on improving the quality and standards of university-level education.
• It also recommended the setting up of the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE), which was again established in 1935 and has been in existence.

Macaulay's Minute (1835):

• Macaulay's minute of 1835 led to the inclusion of the English language as the medium of instruction in government schools and colleges in India.
• Lord William Bentinck was the governor-general of India during Macaulay's minute of 1835.
• Macaulay has a major role in the introduction of Western concepts to education in India.
• The famous Infiltration theory was introduced by Macaulay

Mahatma Gandhi introduces the Wardha Scheme of 1935. His main intention to introduce this scheme was to improve the prevailing system and aims of education in India.

Resolution of Wardha Conference on Primary Education:

In this Wardha Conference after a good deal of discussion following important resolutions on primary education was passed.

1. Free and compulsory primary education must be provided for 7 years on a nationwide scale.
2. The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue.
3. Education for this period should center around a manual craft and productive work suitable for the local condition.
4. The system of education will be able to cover gradually the remunerations of the teachers.

Therefore, “The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue” resolution was passed by the Wardha Scheme.

Additional Information

Woods Despatch (1854):

• The wood's despatch is popularly known as the Magna Carta of English education in India.
• Wood's despatch came in July 1854, when Sir Charles Wood was the President of the Board of Control.
• Important measures taken by East India Company after Wood's despatch are:
  • Setting up new institutions in Calcutta,  Bombay, and Madras in 1857.
  • In all provinces, education departments were set up.
  • Promotion of English education.

Hartog Committee (1929):

• The committee focused on improving the quality and standards of university-level education.
• It also recommended the setting up of the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE), which was again established in 1935 and has been in existence.

Macaulay's Minute (1835):

• Macaulay's minute of 1835 led to the inclusion of the English language as the medium of instruction in government schools and colleges in India.
• Lord William Bentinck was the governor-general of India during Macaulay's minute of 1835.
• Macaulay has a major role in the introduction of Western concepts to education in India.
• The famous Infiltration theory was introduced by Macaulay

Gandhiji advocated for the scheme of education known as Basic Education or Wardha Scheme of Education or Nai Talim or new education or Buniyandi Shiksha. He used the term to describe the close relation with the basic needs and interests of children. It constitutes an education scheme for the common man who forms the backbone of our country and its goal is to enable every student to acquire the desired fruit from his/her actions.

Key Points 

Features of Basic Education: 

• From seven to fourteen years of age, the education of each child should be free, compulsory, and universal.
• Learning by doing with a focus on productive craft is the basis of all education, focusing on education drawn from Indian culture and heritage.
• Mother tongue to be the medium of instruction, to achieve mental development, training of senses and parts of the body should be given.
• Focuses on craft-centric education with knowledge of production such as spinning, weaving, leather-work, pottery, metal-work, basket-making, and bookbinding.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the concept of Basic Education was given by Mahatma Gandhi.

The correct answer is Social Service.

Key Points

• Gandhiji wanted that the students should spend their vacations in social service.
• Some more teachings of Gandhiji for students are:
  • He wanted them to work with dedication and perseverance.
  • He advised them to conduct campaigns regarding social teachings.
  • They should make Harijan's children know more about nature.
  • They should tell the benefits of cleanliness to the society.

Additional Information

About Mahatma Gandhi:

• Birth - 2 October 1869.
• Place of Birth - Porbandar, Gujrat.
• Father - Karam Chand Gandhi
• Political Guru - Gopal Krishna Gokhle.
• In 1893, Gandhi went to South Africa. 
• In 1906, He wrote a book Hind Swaraj. In this book, he gave the concept of Sarvodaya. 

The correct answer is Trusteeship

Explanation:

Mahatma Gandhi, one of the most influential leaders of the Indian independence movement, also delved deeply into ideas concerning the socio-economic fabric of the country. His philosophies were not only aimed at achieving freedom from colonial rule but also at restructuring Indian society into a more egalitarian one. Among Gandhi's many contributions to socio-political thought, one particular doctrine stands out for its direct approach to transforming the capitalist order into a more equal society.

Key Points

• Trusteeship: Gandhi's concept of Trusteeship proposed a radical socio-economic structure intended to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. This idea was rooted in the belief that wealth should be seen as a shared resource, to be utilized for the welfare of the community as a whole. Under this model, the wealthy are considered trustees of their wealth, holding it in trust for the benefit of society.
• Transforming Capitalist Society: Gandhi was critical of both capitalism and socialism for their materialistic foundations and disregard for individual and moral values. Trusteeship, by contrast, sought to humanize capitalism by encouraging the wealthy to use their excess wealth not just for personal gain but for the betterment of society. This, Gandhi believed, would lead to an equitable distribution of wealth without the need for coercive redistribution policies characteristic of socialism.
• Moral and Voluntary Principles: The concept of Trusteeship is grounded in moral principles and relies heavily on the voluntary actions of the wealthy. Gandhi envisioned a society where individuals voluntarily limit their possessions to what is necessary and utilize their surplus wealth for the welfare of the less fortunate. This moral persuasion was aimed at creating a sense of social responsibility among the wealthy and fostering a community-oriented approach to wealth.

 Additional Information

• Swaraj, Civil Disobedience, and Satyagraha: While Trusteeship directly addresses Gandhi's vision for an egalitarian society, his other doctrines also contributed to his broader socio-political philosophy. Swaraj emphasized self-rule and personal independence, Civil Disobedience advocated for non-violent protest against unjust laws, and Satyagraha was the principle of nonviolent resistance. Each of these played crucial roles in the independence movement and Gandhi’s vision for a just society.
• Relevance to Modern Economic Debates: Gandhi's Trusteeship model offers an alternative perspective in contemporary debates on wealth inequality, corporate social responsibility, and sustainable development. It challenges modern societies to rethink wealth distribution and the role of wealth in society.
• Critics and Support: Gandhi's idea of Trusteeship has been both criticized and praised. Critics argue that it relies too much on the goodwill of the wealthy and lacks a mechanism for enforcement. Supporters, however, see it as a visionary concept that, if implemented, could lead to a more just and equitable society.

In conclusion, Gandhi's concept of Trusteeship represents a unique approach to addressing the inequalities inherent in capitalist societies. By advocating for a moral restructuring of the ownership and use of wealth, Gandhi aimed to pave the way for a society based on equality and shared prosperity, distinguishing his vision from both capitalist accumulation and socialist redistribution.

The correct answer is C. F. Andrews.

• Andrews was instrumental in persuading Gandhi to return to India with him in 1915.
• Charles Freer Andrews was an Anglican priest and Christian missionary, educator and social reformer, and activist for Indian Independence.
• He became a close friend of Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi and identified with the Indian liberation struggle.

Additional Information

About Mahatma Gandhi:

• Birth Place - Porbandar.
• President of INC - Bengaun, 1924.
• Political Guru - Gopal Krishna Gokhle.
• 1st-time Satyagrah - South Africa in 1906.
• Rabindra Nath Tagore gave the title of Mahatma to Gandhi and the father of the Nation was given by Subash Chandra Bose.