Information Science & Industry MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Information Science & Industry - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is Beesman.

Key Points 

• Information Transfer is a process of moving information or messages from a source to a sink via a communication channel.
• Beesman propounded the term Information Transfer.
• A cycle is a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order.
• Transfer of information from its generation to its end user becomes possible through many processes.
• These processes are regularly repeated in the same order.
• These processes complete a cycle which is called the Information transfer cycle or ITC.​

Additional Information 

• Calvin Mooers
  • He is perhaps best known for coining the term "information retrieval".
  • Calvin Northrup Mooers was an American computer scientist known for his work in information retrieval.
• ​S.R Ranganathan
  • ​Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan (9 August 1892 – 27 September 1972) was a librarian and mathematician.
  • He is known as the Father of Library Science in India.
  • Ranganathan is best known for his pioneering work in library classification and cataloging, particularly the development of the
    Colon Classification System and the Five Laws of Library Science.
  • His birthday is observed every year as National Librarian Day in India.
  • The full-time post of Reference Librarian at Madras University was set up in 1937.
• William J.Martin:
  • He developed the term information society.
  • He said information is both product and process.
  • Martin in his article“User Studies and Library Planning” discussed user studies and appraised their role in library planning

The Correct answer is (A), (B), and (C).

Key Points

• Searching data and information; Analysing data and information and consolidating them, if required, according to necessity; and disseminating information in the required form, are the primary functions of Information intermediaries while knowledge of the subject in which they are to operate is the Characteristics of information Intermediaries.
• The primary function of Information intermediaries is to provide quick and adequate information to the users. The principal functions, which they perform, are:
  • Searching Data and Information: identifying users and their information requirements, pinpointing suitable data sources to meet those needs, creating search strategies, and accessing databases through either manual methods or electronic means.
  • Analysing Data and Information: This function requires research and analysis of data and information from various sources available in libraries, computer files, databases, and web portals.
  • Disseminating Information in Required Forms: The activities concerning this function are the delivery of information in a required form and
    format. These may encompass the activities of consolidation and repackaging, preparation of State-of-the-Art Reports, Reviews, etc. 

Additional Information

• In bringing together the producers and users of information, the intermediaries should have:
  • knowledge of the sources of information and how these sources can be used to extract information according to requirements;
  • knowledge of the technical aspects of information transfer;
  • knowledge of the subject in which they are to operate;
  • awareness of the user's characteristics and the environment under which the users operate in the context of present ICT development; and;
  • knowledge of the Internet sources and services.

The Correct answer is A-2, B-1, C-4  D-3;

Key Points

• Clementine - Clementine is a data-mining workbench that enables users to quickly develop predictive models using business expertise and deploy them into business operations to improve decision-making.
• Hadoop – an open-source data warehouse software project that enables distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of commodity servers.
  • It is composed of four core components—Hadoop Common, Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), MapReduce, and YARN. 
• WebGUI - WebGUI is an open-source content management system written in Perl and released under the GNU General Public License
• Analytica - a visual Decision support system software package developed by Lumina Decision Systems for creating, analyzing, and communicating quantitative decision models.

Additional Information

• Data Warehousing:
  • A data warehouse provides an infrastructure that enables an organization to extract, cleanse, and store vast amounts of data from operational systems for efficient and accurate responses to user queries.
  • Examples of data warehousing software;
    • Big Data
    • Hadoop.
• Data Minning:
  • Hand, Mannila, and Smyth (2001) define the term data mining as follows: Data mining is the analysis of (often-large) observational data sets to find unsuspected relationships and to summarize the data in novel ways that are both understandable and useful to the data owner.
  • Examples of Data mining software:
    • Oracle Data Miner.
    • SAS (Statistical Analysis System).
    • Clementine
    • Intelligent Miner
    • R-Programming 
    • TANAGRA
• Decision Support Systems:
  • A decision support system (DSS) is “a computer-based application that collects, organizes and analyzes business data to facilitate quality business decision-making for management, operations and planning.
  • Examples of DSS:
    • Analytica
    • Paramount Decisions
    • Style Intelligence
    • Blaze Advisor
• Content Management Systems:
  • A content management system is software that keeps track of every piece of content on your Web site.
  • Examples of CMS:
    • WordPress
    • Joomla
    • Drupal

The correct answer is Information Security.

Key Points

• Cryptography is a method of protecting information and communications through the use of codes.
• It refers to secure information or Information Security.
• It includes techniques such as microdots, merging words with images, and other ways to hide information in storage or transit so that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it.
• The word cryptography comes from the Greek word Kryptos, meaning hidden.
• It is associated with scrambling plaintext into ciphertext called encryption, then back again known as decryption.
• Individuals who practice this field are known as cryptographers.

Additional InformationResearch design:

• It is the framework of research methods, tools, and techniques chosen by a researcher.
• It helps in the collection and analysis of data. 

Library Classification:

• A library classification is a system of organization of knowledge by which library resources are arranged and ordered systematically.
• Example:
  • DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification)
  • CC (Colon Classification)

TQM:

• TQM (Total Quality Management) is a method in which management and employees are involved in the continuous improvement of the production of goods and services. 
• It is a combination of quality and management tools aimed at increasing business and reducing losses due to wasteful practices.

The correct answer is "Zarkowski".

Key Points

• Firstly Paul G. Zurkowski coined the term ‘information literacy’ in 1974.
• Information literacy term gained legitimacy to use in place of user education, bibliographic instruction, library skills instruction, and others.

Additional Information

• George Bernard Shaw
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925 and is famous for his role in revolutionizing comedic drama.
• Niels Bohr
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 and was known for his contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory.

Important Point

Information Literacy

• Information literacy was first conceived by Paul Zurkowski in
  1974.
• He was President of the Information Industry Association.
• He observed that information literates are trained in the application of information resources to their work.
• According to UNESCO - Information Literacy encompasses knowledge of one’s information concerns and needs, and the ability to identify, locate, evaluate, and organize.
• The society of College, National, and University Libraries (SCONUL) developed a model of information literacy in 1999 known as Information Skills Model.

The correct answer is "J. Martin".

Key Points

• Information Society-
  • The concept of Information Society emerged during the 1970s and throughout the 1980s and rapidly gained popularity.
  • According to William J. Martin, "It is a society in which the quality of life, as well as prospects for social change and economic development, depends increasingly on information and its exploitation".
  • Fritz Machlup was one of the first people to develop the concept of the information society in 1933.
  • The term information society is closely associated with the field of information and communications technology (ICT).

Additional Information

• M.A. Gopinath-​
  • He is an Indian author and Librarian.
  • He is the author of "construction of the depth version of colon classification".​
• William J. Martin-
  • Professor J. Martin is Head of the Department of Information Management at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Victoria, Australia. 
  • He is the author of the book "The Information Society (ASLIB 1987-88)".​
• J.H. Shera-
  • Jesse Hulk Shera was an American librarian and information scientist who pioneered the use of information technology in libraries.
  • He was elected as a 'Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science'.
  • The American Library Association offers two awards in Shera’s name - for Distinguished Published Research, and for the Support of Dissertation Research.
• Dr. S.R. Ranganathan- 
  • He is regarded as the Father of Library Science in India.
  • His most notable contribution to the field of library science is his"Five Laws of Library Science".
  • He is also recognized for his development of a classification scheme widely known as Colon Classification.

The Correct answer is (I), (III) and (IV) are correct. 

Key Points

• Information security involves safeguarding information from various risks, including unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording, or destruction.
• This protection extends to both digital and physical forms of information, such as personal data, financial records, and sensitive or confidential information.
• Effective information security requires a holistic approach that encompasses people, processes, and technology.

Information security programs are built around three core objectives, often referred to as CIA:

• Confidentiality:
  • ​Ensuring that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes.
  • For instance, if someone observes a user entering their password for a Gmail account, confidentiality is compromised as the password has been exposed.
• Integrity:
  • ​Maintaining the accuracy and completeness of data, preventing unauthorized alterations.
  • For example, when an employee leaves an organization, their status should be updated across all departments to ensure data accuracy and only authorized personnel should be allowed to make changes.
• Availability:
  • Ensuring that information is available when needed.
  • This involves collaboration across various organizational teams to ensure seamless access to information, as denial of service attacks can disrupt availability.

The Correct answer is (I), (III) and (IV) are correct. 

Key Points

• Information security involves safeguarding information from various risks, including unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, inspection, recording, or destruction.
• This protection extends to both digital and physical forms of information, such as personal data, financial records, and sensitive or confidential information.
• Effective information security requires a holistic approach that encompasses people, processes, and technology.

Information security programs are built around three core objectives, often referred to as CIA:

• Confidentiality:
  • ​Ensuring that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes.
  • For instance, if someone observes a user entering their password for a Gmail account, confidentiality is compromised as the password has been exposed.
• Integrity:
  • ​Maintaining the accuracy and completeness of data, preventing unauthorized alterations.
  • For example, when an employee leaves an organization, their status should be updated across all departments to ensure data accuracy and only authorized personnel should be allowed to make changes.
• Availability:
  • Ensuring that information is available when needed.
  • This involves collaboration across various organizational teams to ensure seamless access to information, as denial of service attacks can disrupt availability.

The Correct answer is the recognition of information as a key factor for the material growth and prosperity of a country.

Key Points

• The characteristics of information and knowledge differ significantly from those of other products and services, posing challenges in understanding their impact on markets and decision-making processes.
• It is beneficial to distinguish between information economics and the economics of information, which represent two sides of the same coin.
• The information/knowledge economy of a country is concerned with economic growth and development on national and international scales.
• However, there is a distinction between information and knowledge economies, with information technology being a key driver of transformation in various industries and sectors.
• Yet, despite technological advancements, significant changes in decision-making processes in business or government have not been observed, leading to the emergence of new paradigms focusing on knowledge as the primary economic resource.
• While the Indian economy is gradually transitioning towards an information economy, there are significant obstacles hindering its progress compared to developed Western countries.
• The study of information economics and the information economy is valuable for library and information professionals for two main reasons:
  • firstly, it reinforces the importance of information and knowledge in driving economic growth and prosperity, and
  • secondly, it expands job opportunities for information professionals in other fields.

Key Points

• Data Mining:​
  • The term used to describe the process of analyzing data to identify patterns and trends is "data mining."
  • Data Mining involves extracting knowledge from extensive data sets, and the term itself is somewhat misleading.
  • A more accurate name would be "knowledge mining," emphasizing the extraction of insights from large data volumes.
  • This computational process integrates methods from artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, and database systems to discover patterns in substantial data sets.
  • The primary objective of the data mining process is to extract information from data and present it in a comprehensible structure for further utilization.

Additional Information

• Data Analysis:
  • ​​ This refers to the process of examining, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to uncover useful information, conclusions, and insights.
  • It involves various techniques, such as statistical analysis, to understand the underlying patterns and relationships within the data.
• Data Visualization:
  • ​This involves representing data visually through charts, graphs, and other graphical elements to make complex datasets more understandable and accessible.
  • It helps in identifying trends, patterns, and outliers by presenting data in a visually appealing and intuitive way.
• Data Inference:
  • ​This involves drawing conclusions, predictions, or generalizations about a population or dataset based on observed data samples.
  • It uses statistical techniques to make educated guesses or predictions about future outcomes or behaviors based on existing data patterns and trends.