Zoology MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Zoology - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Anthrax.

• Anthrax is an acute infectious disease of livestock that occurs throughout the world.
• The disease is also known as splenic fever due to the fact that there is an extensive enlargement of the spleen due to this infection.
• Most food animals are affected by anthrax.
• The most susceptible animals are cattle and sheep.
• It is a zoonotic disease.

Additional Information

• The disease is caused by bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis.

Clinical symptoms are :

• There is an elevation of body temperature (104 to 108°C).
• Animal refuses to eat and there is the development of bloat.
• The animal is extremely depressed.
• Extreme dyspnoea leads to mouth breathing due to oxygen hunger.
• Sudden death within 48 hrs of illness of animal. 

Confusion Points

• Salmonella Typhi bacteria causes typhoid fever.
• Salmonella Paratyphi bacteria cause paratyphoid fever.
• People infected with these bacteria can spread them to others.
• This typically happens when an infected person uses the bathroom and does not wash their hands.

The correct answer is Birds.

• Fowlpox is a relatively slow-spreading viral infection that affects most of the bird species.
• Fowl pox is caused by a virus named Avipoxvirus which belongs to the Poxviridae family.
• This disease is similar to smallpox in human beings.
• It is a world-wide disease of poultry.
• Some possible hosts are - chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons, and many other species of birds.

Additional Information

• Fowlpox virus (FPV) vaccine, CEO (chicken embryo origin) vaccine can be used to control Fowlpox disease.
• Symptoms of Fowlpox are - Depression, Inappetance, Poor growth, Poor egg production.

Correct Answer: 2)

Concept:

• The living organisms are divided into five different kingdoms namely: Monera (Unicellular, Prokaryotic), Protista (Unicellular, eukaryotes), Fungi (unicellular as well as multicellular, eukaryotes), Plantae (Multicellular, eukaryotic), and Animalia (Multicellular, eukaryotic). 

• Members of Protista are Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids, Slime moulds, and Protozoans under Protista.

Explanation:

Option 2: 

• Protozoans are unicellular, eukaryotic organisms.
• They are believed to be primitive relatives of animals.
• Earlier, protozoans were regarded as "one-celled animals", because they often possess animal-like behaviors, such as motility and predation.
• In the classical system, they were placed in the kingdom Animalia but later Ernst Haeckel proposed a third kingdom of life, which he named Protista.
• Ernst Haekel included eukaryotes that are not animals, plants, or fungi and adopt a heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

​Option 1

• Metazoa is classified under Kingdom Animalia.
• All multicellular animals besides sponges are metazoans.
• Metazoan animals are heterotrophic in nature.

Option 3:

• Choanozoa is classified under Kingdom Animalia.
• These are funnel-shaped animals.

Option 4

• Pipiens are classified under phylum Arthropoda, Kingdom Animalia.
• Culex pipiens, commonly referred to as the common house mosquito, is a species of mosquito.

So, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is the Lungs.

• The main respiratory organ of the whale is the lung.

Key Points

• Whales and dolphins are mammals and breathe air into their lungs, just like we humans do.
• They cannot breathe underwater like the fish can as they do not have gills for that.
• They breathe through nostrils, called a blowhole, located right on top of their heads.

Additional Information

• Blowholes are a physical feature of whales and dolphins characterized by a muscular hole on the top of their heads.
• Whenever the whales reach the water surface, the blowhole opens and it blows air out and in.
• While blowing out air, it can cause the water to spray which is called the spout.
• When underwater, the muscles around the blowhole ensure that it stays closed. 

The correct answer is Peacock.

Key Points

• Peacock has a four-chambered heart.
• Peacock is the national bird of India and its scientific name is Pavo cristatus.
• Taxonomy of Peacock:
  • Kingdom: Animalia
  • Phylum: Chordata
  • Subphylum: Vertebrata  
  • Superclass: Tetrapoda   
  • Class: Aves   
  • Order: Galliformes
  • Family: Phasianidae
  • Genus: Pavo
  • Species: cristatus

Additional Information

• The frog belongs to the class Amphibia and has a characteristic three-chambered heart with 2 auricles and 1 ventricle.
• Fishes have a two-chambered heart. 
• Sea horses have a two-chambered heart

The correct answer is jointed legs.

Arthropoda - 

• The word ‘arthropod’ means ‘jointed legs’.
• Ex: houseflies, spiders, scorpions, prawns, butterflies and crabs.

The Hierarchy of Classification of living organisms - 

• Living organisms are classified into five kingdoms, by Whittaker, i.e. 
  • ​Kingdom Monera,
  • Kingdom Protista,
  • Kingdom Fungi,
  • Kingdom Plantae,
  • Kingdom Animalia.
• Further classification is done by the following scheme: Kingdom, Phylum (for animals) / Division (for plants), Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
• Kingdom Animalia is further classified based on the extent and type of the body design differentiation found, as below:

The correct answer is Arthropoda.

Key Points

• Arthropoda is a group of invertebrate animals having an exoskeleton, a segmented body and jointed legs.
• Their body consists of segments with a pair of appendages.
• Their reproduction occurs by internal fertilization (terrestrial species) and internal or external fertilization (aquatic species).
• They have an open circulatory system.
• Types of Arthropods –
  • Insects: Ants, Aphids, Butterflies, Grasshoppers, Termites, and etc.
  • Arachnids: Scorpion, Mites, Spiders
  • Crustacean: Crabs, Fish, Lobsters, Shrimp, and etc.
• Their evolution dates back to the Cambrian period.
• They are a source of food for humans.
• They are pollinators of crops.
• Some species spread diseases to humans, livestock, and crops.
• Largest phylum of invertebrate animals.

Additional Information

• Mollusca – 2nd largest phylum of invertebrate animals mostly found in marine and freshwater having the soft body divided into head, visceral mass, muscular foot, and mantle. Examples: Snail, Octopus, Squid, Oyster, Clams, and etc.
• Nematoda: bilaterally symmetrical, elongate and tapered at both ends; an important role in nutrient recycling in the soil feed. They cause diseases such as Ascariasis, Enterobiasis, Filariasis, and etc. Examples: Ascarids, Worms
• Echinodermata: marine animals having a star-like appearance, Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata) are a diverse, exclusively marine group of invertebrates.
  • Examples: Starfish, Sea urchins, Crinoids, etc.

• All arthropods lay eggs except Scorpion who directly give birth to young.

Popular species of Arthropods

The correct answer is Mollusca.

Key Points

• Cuttlefish or cuttles are marine Molluscs of the Phylum Mollusca, Class Cephalopoda, Subclass Coleoids, Order Sepiida, Kingdom Animalia. 
• Examples of Molluscs are squid, octopuses, colossal squid, gastropods (snails and slugs), etc. 

Additional Information

• Echinodermata examples are starfish, sea urchins, crinoids, brittle stars, etc. 
• Annelida examples are earthworms, leech, Clitellata, polychaete, etc. 
• Pisces examples are bluefish, goldfish, guppy, common carp, etc. 

Rod-shaped is the correct answer.

• Bacteria exist in a variety of forms, mainly spherical, rod-shaped and spiral-shaped.
• Rod-shaped Bacillus: bacilli
• Spherical Coccus: cocci
• Comma-shaped Vibrium: vibrio
• Spiral Spirillum: spirilla

Animals from class Aves are warm-blooded.

• Aves class represents birds and their characteristic features are feathers, a beak, and the forelimbs are modified into wings.
• They are warm-blooded animals i.e. they will be able to maintain constant body temperature.

The correct answer is Ant

Key Points

​When considering brain-to-body size ratio (encephalization quotient), ants have a remarkably large brain relative to their body size. While humans have large brains and are known for their significant cognitive abilities, when looking purely at the proportion of brain size to body size, ants have one of the highest ratios.

• Ants: Ants have a very high brain-to-body size ratio. Their brains can make up about 6% of their body mass, which is significant.
• Humans: Humans also have a high brain-to-body ratio compared to most animals, but not as high as ants.
• Dolphins: Dolphins have large, complex brains with a high encephalization quotient, but the brain relative to body size is not as high as that of ants or humans.
• Elephants: Elephants have large brains, but their ratio of brain size to body size is lower compared to humans, dolphins, and especially ants.

The correct answer is Peacock.

Key Points

• Peacock has a four-chambered heart.
• Peacock is the national bird of India and its scientific name is Pavo cristatus.
• Taxonomy of Peacock:
  • Kingdom: Animalia
  • Phylum: Chordata
  • Subphylum: Vertebrata  
  • Superclass: Tetrapoda   
  • Class: Aves   
  • Order: Galliformes
  • Family: Phasianidae
  • Genus: Pavo
  • Species: cristatus

Additional Information

• The frog belongs to the class Amphibia and has a characteristic three-chambered heart with 2 auricles and 1 ventricle.
• Fishes have a two-chambered heart. 
• Sea horses have a two-chambered heart

Concept: 

Cold-blooded animals:

• Cold-blooded animals are animals that are not capable of regulating their body’s temperature according to the temperature of the surrounding.
• They do not have a constant body temperature.
• Cold-blooded animals include reptiles, amphibians, fishes, insects, and other invertebrates.
• These animals are also called poikilothermic animals.

Warm-blooded animals:

• Warm-blooded animals are the animals that are capable of maintaining a nearly constant body temperature irrespective of the temperature of the environment.
• Their body temperature remains the same as they move from one surrounding to another.
• The temperature control is mostly obtained by regulating their metabolic rates.
• Warm-blooded animals include birds and mammals.
• These animals are also called homeothermic animals.

Explanation:

Shark:

• Sharks don’t fit the criteria for mammals in the most important respects.
• They don’t produce milk, they don’t have hair, and most of them are cold-blooded.
• The only characteristic they share with mammals is that some shark species give live birth.
• They belong to the class Chondrichthyes and not Mammalia.

​Thus, the shark is a cold blooded animal.

Important PointsWhale:

• Whale belongs to the class Mammalia.
• The whale is a mammal, not a fish, hence it is warm-blooded.
• It is classified under the Phylum Chordata.
• Whales give birth to live offspring (whereas fish hatch their young from eggs), and feed their young (called calves) on milk produced by the female's own body. 

Eagle: Is a bird, so warm-blooded.

Kangaroo: Is a mammal so warm-blooded.​

Additional Information

Mammalia:

• The class Mammalia includes a huge number of animals.
• All mammals are warm-blooded vertebrates whose offspring drink milk.

Characteristics:

• They give live birth: 
  • Mammals are viviparous, which means they give birth to live young.
  • The exceptions to this rule are monotremes, which are mammals that lay eggs.
  • The platypus and echidna are monotremes.
• They produce milk: 
  • Infant mammals require their mother’s milk in the first weeks or months of their lives.
  • All-female mammals have mammary glands that allow them to nurse their young.
• Mammals breathe air through their lungs: 
  • Even underwater mammals use their lungs to breathe.
• They have hair or fur: 
  • All mammals have fur or hair.
  • Some marine mammals are the exception to this rule.
• They are vertebrates: 
  • All mammals have a backbone. 
  • Amphibians, fish and reptiles also have backbones, but they lack the other characteristics of mammals.
• Mammals are warm-blooded: 
  • Which means they maintain an even body temperature.

The Correct Answer is Option 2 i.e Epithelial Tissue.

Key Points

• Adipose Tissue:
  • The tissue that stores all the fat of the human body is called 'adipose tissue'. 
  • It is a loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes.
• Epithelial Tissue:
  • They cover all the outer surfaces of the body.
  • They are the first line of protection from any physical or chemical damage.
  • The outermost layer of the skin, the epidermis is an example of this tissue.
• Muscular tissue:
  • It is a soft tissue that connects the muscles of the body and has the ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts.
• Areolar tissue:
  • It is loose connective tissue. 
  • It acts as a reservoir of water and salts for surrounding tissues.