Knowledge of English Sounds MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Knowledge of English Sounds - Download Free PDF

Last updated on Jun 6, 2025

Latest Knowledge of English Sounds MCQ Objective Questions

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 1:

"ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता" किसके माध्यम से सबसे बेहतर ढंग से विकसित होती है?

  1. पाठोच्चारण द्वारा
  2. कविताओं या गीतों द्वारा
  3. वर्णमाला सिद्धांतों द्वारा
  4. अभ्यास सत्रों द्वारा

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : कविताओं या गीतों द्वारा

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 1 Detailed Solution

ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता ध्वन्यात्मक बोध का एक उपसमुच्चय है, जिसमें शब्दों की ध्वनियों, शब्द भागों और शब्दांश संरचना से संबंधित कई प्रकार की समझ शामिल है।
Key Points
  • "ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता" कविताओं या गीतों के माध्यम से सबसे बेहतर ढंग से विकसित होती है।
  • कविताएँ और गीत बच्चों को शब्दों के भीतर अलग-अलग ध्वनियों (या ध्वन्यात्मक इकाइयों) को सुनने में मदद करते हैं, जो ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता का एक मूलभूत पहलू है।
  • यह गतिविधि बोली जाने वाली भाषा में ध्वनियों को पहचानने और उनका हेरफेर करने में मदद करती है, जो पढ़ने और वर्तनी में सफलता के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।

इसलिए, सही उत्तर कविताएँ या गीत है।

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 2:

పదాలు కలిపి ఆమోదయోగ్యమైన పదబంధాలు మరియు వాక్యాలను ఏర్పరిస్తే దాన్ని _______ అంటారు.

  1. ధ్వనిశాస్త్రం
  2. రూపశాస్త్రం
  3. వ్యాకరణం
  4. ప్రయోగశాస్త్రం

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : వ్యాకరణం

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 2 Detailed Solution

భాష అనేది ఒక సంకేతపూరితమైన, నియమాలతో కూడిన వ్యవస్థ, తమ ఆలోచనలు మరియు భావాలను వ్యక్తీకరించడానికి ప్రజల సమూహం ద్వారా పంచుకుంటారు. ఈ నియమాలు వాటి సరైన ఉపయోగాన్ని నిర్వహించే మరియు పదాలు ఒకదానితో ఒకటి ఎలా సంబంధం కలిగి ఉంటాయో నిర్దేశించే ఒప్పందాల సమితి. భాషను నియంత్రించే ఈ నియమాలలో కొన్ని ధ్వనిశాస్త్రం, వ్యాకరణం, రూపశాస్త్రం, అర్థశాస్త్రం మొదలైనవి ఉన్నాయి.

Key Points 

  • పదాలు కలిపి ఆమోదయోగ్యమైన పదబంధాలు మరియు వాక్యాలను ఏర్పరిస్తే, ఆ పదాల అమరిక మరియు నిర్మాణాన్ని నియంత్రించే భాష యొక్క అంశాన్ని వ్యాకరణం అంటారు.
  • వ్యాకరణం అనేది వాక్య నిర్మాణం, పద క్రమం మరియు వాక్యంలోని పదాల మధ్య సంబంధాలను నియంత్రించే నియమాలు మరియు సూత్రాలతో వ్యవహరించే భాషాశాస్త్రం యొక్క ఒక శాఖ.

Hint 

  • ధ్వనిశాస్త్రం అనేది భాష యొక్క ధ్వని వ్యవస్థ అధ్యయనం, ఇందులో ప్రసంగ ధ్వనుల సంస్థ మరియు ఉచ్చారణను నియంత్రించే నియమాలు మరియు నమూనాలు ఉన్నాయి.
  • రూపశాస్త్రం అనేది పదాల అంతర్గత నిర్మాణం మరియు మార్ఫీమ్స్ అని పిలువబడే చిన్న యూనిట్ల నుండి పదాలను ఏర్పరచడానికి నియమాల అధ్యయనం.
  • సంభాషణలో భాష యొక్క అర్థం మరియు వివరణను సందర్భం ఎలా ప్రభావితం చేస్తుందో అధ్యయనం చేసే శాస్త్రమే వ్యావహారికసత్తావాదం.

కాబట్టి, వ్యాకరణం సరైన సమాధానం అని స్పష్టంగా తెలుస్తుంది.

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 3:

క్రింది వాటిలో ఏది కవితా పద్ధతి కాదు?

  1. రూపకం
  2. అనుప్రాస
  3. ప్రతిమ
  4. స్వరూపం

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : స్వరూపం

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 3 Detailed Solution

కవితా పద్ధతులు కవితలు రాయడంలో ముఖ్యమైన సాధనాలు, ఇవి కవిత యొక్క సౌందర్యాన్ని మెరుగుపరచడంలో చాలా ముఖ్యమైనవిగా పరిగణించబడతాయి. గమనార్హంగా, అవి పాఠకులు వివిధ విధాలుగా కంటెంట్‌ను అర్థం చేసుకోవడానికి వీలు కల్పిస్తాయి, దీనివల్ల కవితల యొక్క ప్రత్యేకమైన అర్థం లభిస్తుంది. కవితా పద్ధతులు ఇవి:

  • అనుప్రాస అనేది సమీపంలోని పదాల శ్రేణిలో ప్రసంగ ధ్వనుల పునరావృతం; ఈ పదం సాధారణంగా హల్లులకు మాత్రమే వర్తిస్తుంది మరియు పునరావృతమయ్యే ధ్వని పదం ప్రారంభంలో లేదా పదంలోని ఒక ఒత్తిడి గల అక్షరంలో స్పష్టమైన స్థానంలో ఉన్నప్పుడు మాత్రమే.
  • రూపకం అంటే “ఏదైనా విషయాన్ని దానికి చెందిన వేరే విషయం పేరుతో నొక్కిచెప్పడం లేదా అలంకరించడం” గా నిర్వచించబడింది.
  • ప్రతిమ (అంటే, “చిత్రాలు” సేకరించబడ్డాయి) కవిత లేదా ఇతర సాహిత్య రచనలో సూచించబడిన అన్ని వస్తువులు మరియు ఇంద్రియాల గుణాలను సూచించడానికి ఉపయోగించబడుతుంది.
  • ఉల్లేఖనం అనేది వ్యక్తి, ప్రదేశం లేదా సంఘటన లేదా మరొక సాహిత్య రచన లేదా భాగానికి స్పష్టమైన లేదా పరోక్షమైన సంక్షిప్త సూచన.
  • అతిశయోక్తి అనేది ధైర్యమైన అతిశయోక్తి లేదా వాస్తవాల యొక్క అతిగా అతిశయోక్తి చెప్పే ప్రసంగం, తీవ్రమైన లేదా హాస్య ప్రభావం కోసం ఉపయోగించబడుతుంది.
  • రూపకం అనేది జంతువు, వస్తువు లేదా ఆలోచనకు మానవ లక్షణాలను ఇవ్వడం.

గమనిక:

  • స్వరూపం అనేది పదం యొక్క చిన్నది మరియు ప్రాథమిక భాషా యూనిట్. ఇది భాష యొక్క ప్రాథమిక భాగం.

కాబట్టి, స్వరూపం కవితా పద్ధతి కాదని మనం నిర్ధారించవచ్చు.

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 4:

एक बच्चा बोली जाने वाली भाषा में ध्वनियों को पहचानने और उनका उपयोग करने में सक्षम है, जैसे कि तुकबंदी वाले शब्दों की पहचान करना और शब्दों को अलग-अलग ध्वनियों में तोड़ना। उसने क्या विकसित किया है?

  1. मुद्रण जागरूकता
  2. शब्दावली जागरूकता
  3. ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता
  4. वाक्यात्मक जागरूकता

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 4 Detailed Solution

ध्वन्यात्मकता भाषाशास्त्र का एक उपक्षेत्र है जो किसी भाषा की ध्वनि प्रणाली के अध्ययन पर केंद्रित है। यह किसी विशेष भाषा या भाषाओं में ध्वनियों के संगठन, वितरण और व्याख्या को नियंत्रित करने वाले पैटर्न और नियमों की जांच करता है।

Key Points

  • ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता बोली जाने वाली भाषा की ध्वनियों को पहचानने और उनका उपयोग करने की क्षमता को संदर्भित करता है।
  • इसमें तुकबंदी वाले शब्दों की पहचान करना, शब्दों को शब्दांशों में विभाजित करना और व्यक्तिगत ध्वनियों को पहचानना जैसी क्षमताएँ शामिल हैं। यह पढ़ने और लिखने के विकास के लिए एक आवश्यक पूर्ववर्ती है।
  • यह एक व्यापक शब्द है जिसमें कई कौशल शामिल हैं, जैसे कि शब्दों के कुछ हिस्सों जैसे शब्दांश, ऑनसेट (प्रारंभिक ध्वनि) और राइम, और ध्वन्यात्मक (व्यक्तिगत ध्वनियाँ) की पहचान और हेरफेर करना।

अतः सही उत्तर ध्वन्यात्मक जागरूकता है।

Additional Information

  • शब्दावली जागरूकता शब्दों और उनके अर्थों की समझ और ज्ञान है।
  • प्रिंट जागरूकता लिखित भाषा के बुनियादी सम्मेलनों और कार्यों की एक बच्चे की समझ को संदर्भित करता है।
  • वाक्यात्मक जागरूकता वाक्यों की संरचना को नियंत्रित करने वाले नियमों की समझ है, जिसमें व्याकरण और शब्द क्रम शामिल है।

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 5:

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा/से कथन सत्य है/हैं?

  1. ध्वनि (फोनीम्स) किसी भाषा की ध्वनि की सबसे छोटी इकाइयाँ होती हैं।
  2. मॉर्फिम्स किसी भाषा की सबसे छोटी अर्थपूर्ण इकाइयाँ होती हैं।
  3. वाक्य-विन्यास (सिंटैक्स) यह नियंत्रित करता है कि शब्दों को वाक्यों में किस प्रकार अर्थपूर्ण ढंग से व्यवस्थित किया जा सकता है।
  4. उपरोक्त सभी

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : उपरोक्त सभी

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 5 Detailed Solution

भाषा नियमों और प्रतीकों का एक समूह है जिसका उपयोग अर्थपूर्ण संचार बनाने के लिए किया जाता है। एक संचार प्रणाली को भाषा के रूप में वर्गीकृत करने के लिए कई आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करना होगा।
  • एक भाषा में, चीजों, क्रियाओं, घटनाओं और विचारों को प्रतीकों द्वारा दर्शाया जाता है, जो ध्वनियाँ, इशारे या लिखित वर्ण हो सकते हैं। प्रतीकों का उपयोग करके, लोग उन चीजों का संदर्भ दे सकते हैं जो कहीं और स्थित हैं या जो अतीत में हुई क्रियाएँ हैं।
  • क्योंकि एक भाषा का अर्थ होता है, इसलिए इसे उसी भाषा के अन्य वक्ताओं द्वारा समझा जा सकता है।
  • एक भाषा जनरेटिव होती है, जिसका अर्थ है कि इसके प्रतीकों को मिलाकर अनगिनत संदेश बनाए जा सकते हैं।

Key Pointsभाषा के संगठन में नियमों की पाँच बुनियादी प्रणालियाँ शामिल हैं: ध्वन्यात्मकता, रूपात्मकता, वाक्य-विन्यास, अर्थशास्त्र और व्यावहारिकता।

ध्वन्यात्मकता:

  • ध्वन्यात्मकता किसी भाषा की मूल ध्वनियों का अध्ययन है।
  • एक ध्वनि (फोनीम) किसी भाषा की सबसे छोटी, मूल इकाई है और यह किसी भाषा में विशिष्ट ध्वनि है।
  • उदाहरण के लिए, शब्द ‘चेक’ में तीन ध्वनियाँ हैं: ch, e, और k और शब्द।

रूपात्मकता:

  • रूपात्मकता एक और नियामक प्रणाली है जो नियंत्रित करती है कि शब्दों में ध्वनियों का उपयोग कैसे किया जाता है।
  • किसी भाषा में अर्थ की सबसे छोटी इकाई एक रूपात्मक (मॉर्फिम) है।
  • उदाहरण के लिए, शब्द "बिल्लियाँ" दो रूपात्मकों "बिल्ली" और "एँ" से बना है, जहाँ "बिल्ली" एक जानवर को दर्शाता है और "एँ" कई बिल्लियों की उपस्थिति को दर्शाता है।
  • इसलिए, एक रूपात्मक एक शब्द या शब्द का एक भाग है जिसका अर्थ है जिसे छोटे टुकड़ों में और विभाजित नहीं किया जा सकता है।

वाक्य-विन्यास:

  • वाक्य-विन्यास किसी भाषा का व्याकरण है जो शब्दों को एक विशेष क्रम में रखता है, और उन्हें स्वीकार्य और अर्थपूर्ण वाक्य बनाने के लिए जोड़ता है।
  • उदाहरण के लिए, “तुमने नहीं खेला, क्या तुमने?” एक व्याकरणिक वाक्य है जो स्वीकार्य है लेकिन “तुमने नहीं खेला, नहीं खेला?” इसकी अस्पष्टता के कारण अस्वीकार्य है।

इसलिए, हम यह निष्कर्ष निकाल सकते हैं कि उपरोक्त सभी कथन सत्य हैं।

Additional Information

अर्थशास्त्र:
  • अर्थशास्त्र शब्दों और वाक्यों के अर्थ को इंगित करता है।
  • उनके अर्थ के आधार पर वाक्यों में शब्दों का उपयोग कैसे किया जा सकता है, इस पर सीमाएँ हैं।
  • उदाहरण के लिए, जबकि लड़का और आदमी में कई समान लक्षण हो सकते हैं, वे आयु के संदर्भ में भाषाई रूप से भिन्न होते हैं और वाक्यों में अलग-अलग तरीके से उपयोग किए जाते हैं।
व्यावहारिकता:
  • व्यावहारिकता यह अध्ययन है कि हम सामाजिक परिस्थितियों और विभिन्न संदर्भों में भाषा का उपयोग कैसे करते हैं।
  • भाषा का उपयोग कई चीजों के लिए किया जाता है, जिसमें अनुरोध, जानकारी, प्रश्न और अभिवादन शामिल हैं, और हम परिस्थिति और दर्शकों के आधार पर अलग-अलग बात करते हैं।

Top Knowledge of English Sounds MCQ Objective Questions

Morpheme is the 

  1. smallest unit of a word.
  2. smallest unit of meaning that cannot be broken up.
  3. unit of a word that can be broken up into new meaning
  4. smallest unit of a phrase.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : smallest unit of meaning that cannot be broken up.

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 6 Detailed Solution

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A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning that can't be broken up. Eg- 'un' in the word unable.

Key Points

It is a meaningful linguistic unit of a word which:

  • can't be divided into smaller meaningful parts.
  • repeatedly convey lexical/grammatical meaning.
  • assign a particular grammatical property to a word.

Hence, we conclude that Morpheme is the ​smallest unit of meaning that cannot be broken up.

Additional Information

Phoneme

The smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in pronunciation and meaning. Eg- thin: /th/, chin: /ch/

Lexeme

A smallest basic lexical unit of a language. Eg- find, finds, found and finding share the lexeme 'find'. 

Grapheme

A smallest functional written unit of a language. Eg- 'ee' in the word week.

Which of the following approach is based on letters and sounds?

  1. Language experience approach
  2. Phonics
  3. Whole sentence reading
  4. Look and say

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Phonics

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 7 Detailed Solution

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Phonics: There are many definitions used- 

  • Method of reading instruction that breaks language down into its simplest components
  • Teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values
  • A method of teaching reading that focuses on letter-sound relationships
  • When we describe the sound we use, with reference to these criteria we are concerning ourselves with matters of phonetics. When we talk about how phonemes function in language, and in what ways they relate to each other in a language we are referring to the abstract side of the sound of language.
  • Only by studying both phonetics and the phonology of a language, it is possible to acquire a full understanding of the use of sounds in the spoken form of that language.

Thus, it is clear that Phonics approach is based on letter and sound. 

There are 44 sounds in English. Out of these, how many sounds are vowels and how many are consonants respectively?

  1. 20, 24
  2. 5, 39
  3. 22, 22
  4. 10, 34

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : 20, 24

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 8 Detailed Solution

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Phoneme: It is the ‘smallest unit of sound' that distinguishes one word from another. Since sounds cannot be written, we use letters to represent or stand for the sounds.

Key Points

  • Consonant sound: Consonants sounds produced with some restriction or closure in the vocal tract. There are 24 consonant sounds in most English accents. 
  • Vowel sound: In vowel sounds, the airflow is unobstructed when the sound is made. For example, vowel sounds are the music or movement of our language. There are 20 vowel sounds in English. Among them 12 pure vowel sounds (monophthong) and 8 diphthongs in the English language.
    • Pure Vowel Sounds/Monophthong: It refers to a single pure vowel sound that is articulated with exactly one mouth position. For example, Beat  /i:/
    • Diphthong: It refers to 'two sounds glide' which is articulated with a slight change in the tongue/mouth position. Diphthong has two vowels, it is considered as a single unit and is a ‘syllabic’. For examples, Ice [ais], Price [prais]     

Additional Information

  • Phonetic symbols are used to describe the phonemes (sounds), and also enable learners to understand and speak the language they are learning. In particular the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), each phonetic symbol is associated with a particular sound.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that in English sounds 20 are vowels and 24 are consonants.

The one that cannot be further divided into smaller grammatically meaningful components is ______.

  1. a morpheme
  2. a dipthong
  3. syntax
  4. a phoneme

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : a morpheme

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 9 Detailed Solution

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Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It has two branches- macro linguistics and microlinguistics. Syntax, semantics, pragmatics, phonetics, phonology, and morphology are part of microlinguistics.

Important Points

morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning that can't be broken up. Eg- 'un' in the word unable. It is a meaningful linguistic unit of a word which:

  • can't be divided into smaller meaningful parts.
  • repeatedly convey lexical/grammatical meaning.
  • assign a particular grammatical property to a word.

From the above, we can conclude that the one that cannot be further divided into smaller grammatically meaningful components is a morpheme.

Hint

  • Diphthong- It refers to 'two sounds glide' which is articulated with a slight change in the tongue/mouth position. Diphthong has two vowels, it is considered a single unit and is a ‘syllabic’. For examples, Ice [ais], Price [prais]   
  • Syntax- It describes the structure of a language and the ways words can be combined to form phrases, clauses, and sentences.
  • Phoneme- The smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in pronunciation and meaning. Eg- thin: /th/, chin: /ch/.

The acceptable sound combinations of a language are specified in its _____ rules.

  1. grammatical
  2. syntactic
  3. inflection
  4. phonological

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : phonological

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 10 Detailed Solution

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 Key PointsLanguage is a rule-governed system that organises its proper use and dictates how words relate to one another. The acceptable sound combinations of a language are specified in its phonological rules as it:

  • promotes the ability to manipulate sounds in spoken language.
  • controls the way the sounds change during vocal communication.
  • explains how a speaker deals with the underlining representation of a sound while pronouncing the same.
  • Eg: 'S' may be pronounced as 's' in "cats" while 'z' in "peas".

Grammatical rule

It refers to the use of various bits of language in the context to construct meaningful sentences.

Syntactic rules

It refers to the rules which describe how to manipulate word order in a sentence.

Inflexion rules

It refers to the change in noun, adjective or verb to express their different grammatical form. Eg: box(basic word) - boxes(inflection).

Thus, it is concluded that the acceptable sound combinations of a language are specified in its phonological rules.

In order to know the correct pronunciation of English words, the learner should

  1. know the meanings only.
  2. know the spelling.
  3. know how to write the words.
  4. know the spelling, meanings and how they are pronounced.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : know the spelling, meanings and how they are pronounced.

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 11 Detailed Solution

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Pronunciation refers to the way in which we make the sound of words. Learning to pronounce English well takes muscle coordination, and that means practice, it is not just mental activity.

  • The pronunciation of English can vary dramatically from one region to the next.
  • The first step to take is to understand how the locals sound and practice those sounds.
  • In order to know the correct pronunciation of English words, the learner should know the spelling, meanings, and how they are pronounced.
  • Do this is to record yourself reading and speaking loudly and clearly, giving yourself a great reference for progress.
  • Paying close attention to that word’s features helps to know the correct pronunciation. Features include its spelling, syllables, and meaning.
  • To help students in improving their pronunciation skills, encourage them to speak English as much as they possibly can.

Hence, it becomes clear that in order to know the correct pronunciation of English words, the learner should know the spelling, meanings, and how they are pronounced.

English language has ________ consonant sounds.

  1. 22
  2. 23
  3. 24
  4. 21

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 24

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 12 Detailed Solution

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Consonant is a term derived from two Latin words, CON means together and SONANS means sounding. Prof. Sweet has defined a Consonant as, " Consonants are the result of audible friction or stopping of the breath in some part of the mouth or throat." In simple terms, a consonant is defined as a sound that cannot be produced clearly without the aid of a vowel. The shorthand sign made for a consonant is called a character or a stroke.

  • There are 24 consonant sounds in most English accents, conveyed by 21 letters of the regular English alphabet i.e from A to Z (sometimes in combination, e.g. ch and th)
  • B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, (sometimes Y), Z and few like Th, Ch.
  • All the consonant sounds (except W, Y & H) are represented by the simple geometrical forms viz. the straight lines and the shallow curves.

Hence, we can conclude that the English language has 24 consonant sounds.

The sub discipline of linguistics which refer to the study of meaning is ______

  1. syntax
  2. discourse
  3. morpheme
  4. semantics

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : semantics

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 13 Detailed Solution

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Language is a symbolic, rule-governed system, shared by a group of people to express their thoughts and feelings. These rules are the set of conventions that organize their proper use and dictate how words relate to one another. Some of these rules that govern a language include phonology, syntax, morphology, semantic, etc. 

Key Points

Semantics:

  • It is the part of linguistics that deals with the study and analysis of the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences in a language.
  • It includes the study of the meanings of the words and how they are interpreted, observed, clarified, simplified, contradicted, and originated.
  • It always focuses on the conventional meaning of a word rather than what a speaker might want the words on a particular occasion.
  • It is also considered the science of the meaning of words in a language as it properly studies the origin, meaning, and roots of a certain word in detail.

Hence, it is clear that the sub-discipline of linguistics which refers to the study of meaning is semantics.

Additional Information

  • Syntax is the system of rules or a form of grammar that governs how words can be meaningfully arranged to form phrases and sentences.
  • In speech, the smallest unit of meaning is known as morpheme as it is the smallest unit of meaning that can't be broken up. Eg- 'un' in the word unable.
  • Discourse: Discourse competence is our knowledge of what patterns of organization and cohesive devices we can use to connect sentences. 

A Phoneme is:

  1. a single unit of sound
  2. a single unit of a word
  3. a dipthong
  4. a vowel sound

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : a single unit of sound

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 14 Detailed Solution

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Structure of Language: A structure is not a language component in itself but sound, symbols, and vocabulary are all components of a language. The basic components of language are phonemes, morphemes, and lexemes along with syntax and context.

Phonemes: The basis sounds of language are called phonemes. They are the smallest unit of sounds in a language. For example, the word ‘cat’ is made of three phonemes – ‘C’, ‘a’ and ‘t’.

  • All languages are made of the basic unit of sound called phonemes. Adult human beings can produce approximately 100 phonemes, and the English language is made up of about 45 phonemes.
  • Languages vary in the number of phonemes, ranging from as few as 15 to as many as 85. One reason why it is difficult for many Americans to learn foreign languages is that different phonemes are used.

Components of Language:

Phonetics

 Sound of speech

Phoneme

 smallest indivisible unit of sound

Morpheme

 smallest and fundamental linguistic unit of a word.

Lexeme

 formed by joining an asset of words

Syntax

 Arrangement of words in a sentence

Context

 provides a meaningful sentence.

Semantics

 meaning of words

Vocabulary

 set of words which creates sentences and develops a language

Additional Information

  • Diphthongs: The diphthongs are vowels in the production of which the tongue moves from one position in the mouth towards another position. 

Hence, we can conclude that a Phoneme is a single unit of sound.

The component of language referring to rules governing the structure and sequence of speed of sounds:

  1. Semantics
  2. Grammar
  3. Phonology
  4. None of these

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Phonology

Knowledge of English Sounds Question 15 Detailed Solution

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Language is a symbolic, rule-governed system, shared by a group of people to express their thoughts and feelings. These rules are the set of conventions that organize their proper use and dictate how words relate to one another.

  • Some of these rules that govern a language include phonology, syntax, morphology, semantic, etc.

Key Points

  • Phonology is the component of language referring to rules governing the structure and sequence of the speed of sounds.
  • Phonology is the branch of linguistics dealing with the way speech, sounds behave in a particular language.
  • For example, patterns of sounds, in terms of a sequence of sounds that are permissible in a specific language.
  • When we describe the sound we use, with reference to these criteria we are concerning ourselves with matters of phonetics.

Hence, it could be concluded that Phonology is the component of language referring to rules governing the structure and sequence of the speed of sounds.

Additional Information

Semantics

It is the study of the meaning of lexical words. It makes communication possible by giving meaning to certain symbols and words.

Grammar

It is the set of rules concerned with the use of the word in the context to construct meaningful sentences.

Syntax

It is a form of grammar that refers to the format for arranging words, phrases, clauses, and punctuation, specifically to form a meaningful sentence.

Morphology

It refers to the study of the internal structure of words such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes.

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