Dishonest Dealings MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Dishonest Dealings - Download Free PDF

Given:

Selling price (SP) is 12% less than the cost price (CP).

Vendor manipulates weight, 800 g = 1 kg.

Formula Used:

Profit% = [(Effective SP - CP) / CP] × 100

Calculation:

Let the cost price (CP) of 1 kg of vegetables = ₹100.

SP of 1 kg = CP - 12% of CP

SP of 1 kg = ₹100 - (12/100) × ₹100

SP of 1 kg = ₹100 - ₹12

SP of 1 kg = ₹88

But vendor gives only 800 g instead of 1 kg:

Effective SP of 1 kg = (SP for 800 g × 1000) / 800

Effective SP = (₹88 × 1000) / 800

Effective SP = ₹110

Profit% = [(Effective SP - CP) / CP] × 100

⇒ Profit% = [(₹110 - ₹100) / ₹100] × 100

⇒ Profit% = (₹10 / ₹100) × 100

⇒ Profit% = 10%

The vendor gets a 10% profit.

Given:

Stated loss on cost price = 22%

Less weight used = 44%

Formula Used:

Actual goods sold = Claimed goods - (Percentage less weight × Claimed goods)

Selling Price (SP) = Cost Price (CP) × (1 - Loss Percentage/100)

Percentage Profit = \(\frac{\text{Actual SP - Actual CP}}{\text{Actual CP}}\) × 100

Calculations:

Let's assume the dealer's cost price for 100 units of weight is ₹100.

⇒ Actual Cost Price (CP) for 1 unit of weight = ₹1

The dealer claims to sell at a 22% loss on cost price. This means for goods he claims to sell for ₹100 (which cost him ₹100), he sells them for:

SP = CP - 22% of CP

SP = 100 - \(\frac{22}{100}\) × 100

SP = 100 - 22 = ₹78

So, the dealer receives ₹78 for the quantity of goods he claims to sell (e.g., for 100 units if we consider it in terms of money equivalent of weight).

The dealer uses 44% less weight. This means if he claims to sell 100 units of weight, he actually gives:

Actual weight given = 100 - 44% of 100

Actual weight given = 100 - 44 = 56 units of weight

Since the cost price of 1 unit of weight is ₹1, the actual cost of 56 units of weight given is:

Actual CP = 56 units × ₹1/unit = ₹56

The dealer effectively sold 56 units of goods (Actual CP = ₹56) for ₹78 (Effective SP).

Since Effective SP (₹78) > Actual CP (₹56), it's a profit.

Profit = Effective SP - Actual CP

Profit = 78 - 56 = ₹22

Percentage Profit = \(\frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{Actual CP}}\) × 100

Percentage Profit = \(\frac{22}{56}\) × 100

Percentage Profit = \(\frac{11}{28}\) × 100

Percentage Profit = \(\frac{275}{7}\) = \(39\frac{2}{7}\%\)

∴ The dealer makes a profit of approximately\(39\frac{2}{7}\%\)

Given:

The shopkeeper uses a weight that weighs 21% less than the actual weight.

He sells the goods at the cost price (CP).

Formula Used:

Profit Percentage = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

Calculation:

Let the actual weight be 100 units.

⇒ Weight used by the shopkeeper = 100 - 21 = 79 units

Let the cost price (CP) of 1 unit of goods = ₹1.

Total cost price for 79 units = 79 × 1 = ₹79

Selling Price (SP) of 79 units = Selling Price for 100 units (as he promises to sell at cost price).

⇒ SP = ₹100

Profit = SP - CP

⇒ Profit = 100 - 79 = ₹21

Profit Percentage = (Profit / CP) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = (21 / 79) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = 26 (46/79)%

Therefore, the shopkeeper's profit percentage is 26 (46/79)%.

Given:

A dishonest shopkeeper promises to sell his goods at cost price. However, he uses a weight that actually weighs 26% less than what is written on it.

Formula used:

Profit Percentage = \(\left(\dfrac{Selling\ Price\ -\ Cost\ Price}{Cost\ Price}\right) \times 100\)

Calculation:

Let the Cost Price (CP) of 1 kg be ₹100.

Since the shopkeeper uses a weight that is 26% less, the weight used is 74% of 1 kg.

⇒ Actual weight used = 0.74 kg

Selling Price (SP) for 0.74 kg = ₹100 (as he claims to sell at cost price for 1 kg)

Profit = SP - CP for 0.74 kg

CP for 0.74 kg = 0.74 × 100 = ₹74

Profit = 100 - 74 = ₹26

Profit Percentage = \(\dfrac{Profit}{CP} \times 100\)

⇒ Profit Percentage = \(\dfrac{26}{74} \times 100\)

⇒ Profit Percentage = \(\dfrac{2600}{74}\) = \(35 \frac{5}{37}\%\)

∴ The correct answer is option (4).

Given:

A dishonest shopkeeper promises to sell his goods at cost price. However, he uses a weight that actually weighs 46% less than what is written on it.

Formula used:

Profit Percentage = ((Selling Price - Cost Price) / Cost Price) × 100

Calculation:

Let the cost price of 1 kg of goods be ₹100.

Actual weight given = 1 kg - 46% of 1 kg

⇒ Actual weight given = 1 kg - 0.46 kg

⇒ Actual weight given = 0.54 kg

Selling price of 0.54 kg of goods = ₹100 (since he claims to sell at cost price)

Cost price of 0.54 kg of goods = 0.54 × 100

⇒ Cost price of 0.54 kg of goods = ₹54

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price

⇒ Profit = ₹100 - ₹54

⇒ Profit = ₹46

Profit Percentage = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = (₹46 / ₹54) × 100

⇒ Profit Percentage = \(85 \frac{5}{27} \%\)

∴ The correct answer is option 3.

Given:

A shopkeeper normally makes a profit of 20% in a certain transaction,

He weights 900 g instead of 1 kg, due to an issue with the weighing machine.

He charges 10% less than what he normally charges.

Formula used:

SP = \(\frac{100 - discount}{100}×CP\)

Calculations:

Let the cost price of 1 Kg of goods = Rs. 100

So, the selling price of 1 Kg of goods = 100 × 120/100 = Rs. 120

Cost price of 900 grams of goods = Rs. 90

According to question,

Shopkeeper charges 10% less what he normally charges

So, the new selling price = old selling price × (100 - 10)/100

⇒ New selling price = 120 × \(\frac{90}{100}\) =Rs. 108

So, profit = Rs. (108 - 90) = Rs. 18

So, profit % = (\(\frac{18}{90}\)) × 100 = 20%

Hence, Profit percentage is 20%.

Given:

A dishonest merchant sells goods at a 12.5% loss on the cost price but uses 28 g weight instead of 36 g. 

Concept used:

Final percentage change after two successive increments of A% and B% = (A + B + \(AB \over 100\)) %

Calculation:

Percentage gain by using 28 g weight instead of 36 g = \(\frac {36 - 28}{28} × 100\) = \(\frac {200}{7}\%\)

Percentage loss = 12.5%

Considering 12.5% loss as -12.5% profit,

Now, the final percentage profit/loss = \({\frac {200}{7} - 12.5 - {\frac {200}{7} × 12.5 \over 100}}\) = +12.5%

Here, the positive sign indicates a percentage profit.

∴ His percentage profit is 12.5%

Shortcut TrickCalculation:

Merchant sells goods at a 12.5% loss:

C.P : S.P = 8 : 7

Merchant uses 28 g weight instead of 36 g

C.P : S.P = 28 : 36 = 7 : 9

We can use successive methods:

So, C.P : S.P = 56 : 63 = 8 : 9

Profit% = {(9 - 8)/8} × 100 

⇒ 12.5%

∴ The correct answer is 12.5%.

Given:

Cost Price of the Sugar = Rs.15 per kg

Selling Price of the Sugar = Rs.20 per kg

Cheats by 1000 - 850 = 150 gram 

Formula used: 

Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100 

Profit = (Selling Price – Cost Price)

Calculations: 

The cost price of 1000 grams of sugar = Rs.15

The cost price of 1 gram of sugar = 15/1000 

He gave only 850 grams, and cheat on the customer with 150 grams

So the cost price of 850 gram sugar = (15 ×  850 )/1000

The cost price of 850 grams of sugar = 12.750

The selling price  of sugar = 20

Profit = 20 - 12.750 = 7.250

Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

⇒ (7.250/12.750) × 100

⇒ 56.86 %

∴The profit earned by shopkeepers is  56.86%    

Shortcut Trick

Given

CP = ₹880 per kg

R’s weighing machine shows 400 gm when the actual weight is 350 gm

Formula used

SP = CP × (1 + Profit/100)

Calculation

For every 400 gm, the actual weight is 350 gm

So for the 200 gm packet the actual weight = 200 × 350/400 = 175 gm

The CP for 1000 gm = 880

The CP of 175 gm = 880 × 175/1000 = 154

The selling price (in ₹) of each packet to get a profit of 25% = 154 × 125/100

= 154 × 5/4

= 192.50

The answer is 192.50

Concept used:

1 Kilogram = 1000 gm

Formula used

Gain = Selling Price - Cost Price

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Calculation: 

The cost price of 1000 gm rice is x.

The cost price of 950gm rice = x/1000 × 950 = Rs. 95x/100

To earn a profit of 15% after the faulty weight, the S.P should be:

⇒ 95x/100 × 115/100

⇒ 10925x/10000

⇒ 1.0925x

The answer is 1.0925x.

Given:

Cost Price of the mangoes = Rs.20 per kg

Selling Price of the mangoes = Rs.30 per kg

Cheats by 1000 - 800 = 200 gram

Formula used:

Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

Profit = (Selling Price – Cost Price)

Calculations:

The cost price of 1000 grams of sugar = Rs.20

The cost price of 1 gram of sugar = 20/1000

He gave only 800 grams, and cheat on the customer with 200 grams

So the cost price of 800 gram sugar = (20 × 800)/1000

The cost price of 800 grams of sugar = 16

The selling price of sugar = 30

Profit = 30 - 16 = 14

Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100

⇒ (14/16) × 100

⇒ 87.5 %

∴The profit earned by shopkeepers is 87.5%

Shortcut Trick

⇒ CP : SP = 20 × 800 : 30 × 1000

⇒ CP : SP = 16 : 30 ⇒ P = (30 - 16= 14)

Profit % = (14/16) × 100 = 87.5%

Given:

Cheating percent while buying and selling = 12%

Formula Used:

Profit % = [(S.P - C.P)/C.P × 100]

Calculation:

Shopkeeper buy 112 gm goods instead of 100 gm by cheating

And he sells 88 gm instead of 100 gm

According to the question

SP/CP = (112 × 100)/(100 × 88)

⇒ 14/11

Profit = SP - CP

⇒ 14 - 11 = 3

Profit Percentage = (3/11) × 100%

⇒ 27.27%

∴ The shopkeeper earned 27.27% profit.  

Shopkeeper cheats 12% in weight while buying as well as selling

Cost price for shopkeeper = [100 × (100 - 12)]/100

⇒ 88

Selling price for shopkeeper = [100 × (100 + 12)]/100

⇒ 112

Profit % = [(S.P - C.P)/C.P] × 100% 

⇒ [(112 - 88)/88] × 100%

⇒ (24/88) × 100%

⇒ 27.27%

∴ The shopkeeper earned 27.27% profit.

⇒ Selling price of 800 gm article = Rs. 46

∴ Selling price of 1 kg article = 46 × (1000/800) = Rs. 57.5

⇒ Cost price of 1 kg article = Rs 50

Given

 Price at which he sells rice = 30Rs/kg

Price shopkeeper claims = 27Rs/kg

Quantity marked = 1000g

Quantity given = 750g

Formula used

Profit %\(=\frac{S-C}{C}× 100\)

Calculation

The shopkeeper claims he is selling 1000g at price of 27Rs/kg=27Rs

But originally he uses 750g for 30Rs/kg = 22.5Rs

From the above, cost price = 22.5Rs

Selling price = 27Rs

Profit % =\(\frac{S-C}{C}× 100=\frac{27-22.5}{22.5}× 100=20%\)%

The total profit shopkeeper earned is 20% 

Shortcut Trick 

Given:

A dishonest shopkeeper used 940 grams in place of 1000 grams

Challenge profit = 4%

Calculation:

Let the cost price of 1 gram be 1 rupee

For shopkeeper,

⇒ Cost price = Rs. 940

⇒ Selling price = 1000 × (100 + 4)% = Rs. 1040

⇒ The real profit of dishonest shopkeeper = [(1040 - 940)/940] × 100

⇒ The real profit of a dishonest shopkeeper = (100/940) × 100

⇒ The real profit of a dishonest shopkeeper = 10.64%

∴ The real profit of a dishonest shopkeeper is 10.64