Which contemporary source described the severity of the great famines (1630-31) in the following words, ‘‘grain has become costly and the gold is cheaper than grain’’.

The correct answer is - Shivbharat

Key Points

• Shivbharat
  • Shivbharat is a historical work written by Parmanand, a contemporary poet of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
  • The text provides detailed accounts of historical events, including the socio-economic conditions during the time.
  • The phrase "grain has become costly and gold is cheaper than grain" highlights the severity of the famine during 1630-31.
  • This famine is considered one of the most devastating events in Indian history, significantly affecting the Deccan region.
  • Shivbharat stands out for its vivid descriptions and insights into the struggles faced by people during this period.

Additional Information

• Great Famines of 1630-31
  • The famine, also known as the Deccan famine, was caused by successive crop failures and droughts.
  • Historical records indicate that millions of lives were lost due to starvation, disease, and social unrest.
  • It severely impacted regions such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, and parts of the Deccan plateau.
• Other Contemporary Sources
  • Badshahnama: Although it provides significant historical accounts, it does not describe the famine as vividly as Shivbharat.
  • Saint Tukaram: Known for his spiritual and poetic works, he may have referenced the hardships but did not provide detailed descriptions of the famine.
  • Saint Ramdas: Focused more on spiritual teachings and the upliftment of society rather than documenting historical events like the famine.