Which among the following methods is used to separate the constituents present in compound?

The correct answer is Electrochemical method.

Key Points

• The electrochemical method is used to separate elements in a compound through processes like electrolysis, where electrical energy is used to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.
• During electrolysis, compounds such as water (H₂O) or sodium chloride (NaCl) are broken down into their constituent elements, like hydrogen and oxygen, or sodium and chlorine.
• This method is widely applied in industries such as metal extraction (e.g., aluminum from bauxite using Hall-Héroult process).
• Electrochemical separation is a clean and efficient way to isolate elements from ionic compounds, especially when thermal decomposition is not feasible.
• It relies on the movement of ions in an electrolytic solution and requires an external power source to initiate the reaction.

Additional Information

• Electrolysis
  • A technique where electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change.
  • Used in the purification of metals and the production of chemical compounds like chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide.
• Ionic Compounds
  • Compounds composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces called ionic bonding.
  • These are the typical targets for electrochemical decomposition due to their charged nature.
• Electrodes
  • Two conductors used in electrolysis: anode (positive) and cathode (negative).
  • Different reactions occur at each electrode, leading to the separation of elements.
• Applications in Industry
  • Used in extraction of reactive metals like aluminum, electroplating, and water treatment plants.
  • Also employed in hydrogen production as part of renewable energy systems.