What is the centrally located, distinct spherical structure within a cell is called?

The correct answer is Nucleus.

Key Points

• The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
• It is considered the control center of the cell, as it regulates gene expression and mediates the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.
• The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA), which is organized into chromosomes.
• It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which contains pores for the exchange of substances with the cytoplasm.
• The nucleolus, found within the nucleus, is responsible for ribosome synthesis.

Additional Information

• Cell Membrane:
  • The cell membrane is a semipermeable structure that encloses the cell, protecting it from its external environment.
  • It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and proteins, which facilitate transport and communication.
• Cytoplasm:
  • The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance found inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus.
  • It houses organelles and is the site for many biochemical processes.
• Stomata:
  • Stomata are pores found on the surface of leaves and stems, not related to the cell nucleus.
  • They regulate gas exchange and water evaporation in plants.
• Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells:
  • Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; their genetic material is found in the cytoplasm.
  • Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane.