एक हानिरहित विद्युतरोधी से 1.5 x 1010 cm/s के वेग से एक विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंग संचरित होती है। यदि इसका आंतरिक प्रतिबाधा 90π ओम है, तो विद्युतरोधी के विद्युत और चुम्बकीय गुणों की गणना करें:

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  1. εr = 2.66 μr = 1.5
  2. εr = 1.5 μr = 2.66
  3. εr = 1.2 μr = 2.0
  4. εr = 2.0 μr = 1.2

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : εr = 2.66 μr = 1.5
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संकल्पना:

किसी माध्यम में वेग दिया गया है \(v = 1/\sqrt {\mu \epsilon }\)

जहाँ μ = माध्यम की चुंबकीय पारगम्यता।

और ϵ = माध्यम की विद्युतशीलता।

μ = μo μr

ϵ = ϵo ϵr

साथ ही, \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{{{\mu }_{0}}{{\epsilon }_{0}}}}=3\times {{10}^{8~}}m/sec.\)

= 3 x 1010 cm/sec

गणना:

दिया गया है, v = 1.5x 1010 cm/s

इसलिए, \(1.5\times {{10}^{10}}=~\frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu \epsilon }}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{{{\mu }_{o}}{{\epsilon }_{o}}.}\sqrt{{{\mu }_{r}}{{\epsilon }_{r}}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow 1.5\times {{10}^{10}}=\frac{3\times {{10}^{10}}}{\sqrt{{{\mu }_{r}}{{\epsilon }_{r}}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{{{\mu }_{r}}{{\epsilon }_{r}}}=2\)

μrϵr =4 ---- समीकरण (1)

साथ ही, किसी माध्यम की आंतरिक प्रतिबाधा दिया गया है:

\(\Rightarrow \eta =\sqrt{\frac{j\omega \mu }{\sigma +j\omega \epsilon }}~\)विद्युतरोधी के लिए, σ ≪ ωϵ

\(\eta =\sqrt{\frac{j\omega \mu }{j\omega \epsilon }}=~\sqrt{\frac{\mu }{\epsilon }}=\sqrt{\frac{{{\mu }_{0}}{{\mu }_{r}}}{{{\epsilon }_{o}}{{\epsilon }_{r}}}~}\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{\frac{{{\mu }_{o}}}{{{\epsilon }_{o}}}}\) = η0 = मुक्त स्थान की आंतरिक प्रतिबाधा = 120 π

⇒ दिया गया है, η = 90π

मान रखने पर, हमें मिलता है:

\(\Rightarrow 90\pi =120\pi \sqrt{\frac{{{\mu }_{r}}}{{{\epsilon }_{r}}}~}\)

\(\frac{{{\mu _r}}}{{{\epsilon_r}}} = \frac{9}{{16}}\) _____ (2)

समीकरण (2) से, μr = \(\frac{9}{16}{{\epsilon }_{r}}\)

इसे समीकरण - (1) में रखने पर

⇒ ϵr μr = 4

\(\text{ }\!\!~\!\!\text{ }\Rightarrow {{\epsilon }_{r}}.\frac{9}{16}{{\epsilon }_{r}}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow \epsilon _{r}^{2}=\frac{4\times 16}{9}\)

\({{\epsilon }_{r}}=\frac{2\times 4}{3}=\frac{8}{3}~=2.66\)

इसलिए, \({{\mu }_{r}}=\frac{9}{16}\times \frac{8}{3}=\frac{24}{16}=1.5\)

इसलिए, विकल्प (1) सही है।
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The official notification of the ISRO Scientist EC 2025 is expected to be out soon! The previous official ISRO Scientist Notification for Electronics was released by the Indian Space Research Centre (ISRO) on 29th November 2022 for a total of 21 vacancies. Applicants applying for the exam should have a B.E./B.Tech or equivalent degree in Electronics & Communication Engineering to be eligible for the recruitment process. Candidates can also refer to the ISRO Scientist EC Previous Year Papers to understand the type of questions asked in the exam and increase their chances of selection.

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