Given below are two statements

Statement I: A vyapti between two terms of equal extension is called Samavyapti.

Statement II: The relation between fire and smoke is that of Samavyapti.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

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UGC NET Paper 1: Held on 29th Nov 2021 Shift 1
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  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
  3. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. Statement I is false but Statement I is true

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Statement I is true but Statement II is false
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UGC NET Paper 1: Held on 21st August 2024 Shift 1
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Detailed Solution

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Key PointsStatement I: A vyapti between two terms of an equal extension called Samavyapti.

  • Vyāpti may be of two kinds – samaVyāpti and asamaVyāpti or visamavyāpti.
  • Vyāpti between two terms of equal extension is samavyāpti, e.g. ‘nameable’ and ‘knowable’. What is nameable is knowable, and vice versa.

Hence statement I is correct.

Statement II: The relation between fire and smoke is that of Samavyapti.

  • Vyāpti implies a correlation between two facts, of which one is pervaded (vyāpti) and the other pervades (vāpaka). A fact is said to be pervaded by another, it is always accompanied by the other.
  • To take the illustration of smoke and fire, smoke is pervaded or always accompanied by fire; and fire pervades or always accompanies smoke.
  • The hetu or middle term is pervaded by the sādhya or a major term and the sādhya always pervades the hetu.
  • Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. But wherever there fire, there may not be any smoke. There are cases of smokeless fire. e.g., a red hot iron. Vāpti is, thus, the pervasion of the hetu by the sadhya.
  • Vyāpti between two terms of unequal extension is asamaVyāpti or visamavyāpti, its example is ‘smoke’ and ‘fire’.

Hence statement II is incorrect.

Therefore Statement I is true but Statement II is false.

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