Damage to the hippocampus can result in difficulties with which of the following cognitive functions?
A. Problem-solving

B. Forming new memories

C. Sensory perception

D. Language comprehension

E. Emotional regulation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct answer is 'B and E Only.'

Key Points

• Damage to the hippocampus:
  • The hippocampus is a critical part of the brain involved in forming new memories and is also associated with emotional regulation.
  • Damage to this area can result in significant difficulties with the ability to form new memories, a condition known as anterograde amnesia.
  • Emotional regulation can also be affected because the hippocampus interacts with the amygdala, a brain region involved in processing emotions.

Additional Information

• Other cognitive functions:
  • Problem-solving: This cognitive function is primarily managed by the frontal lobes, not the hippocampus. Damage to the frontal lobes can lead to difficulties in problem-solving and executive functions.
  • Sensory perception: This function is associated with the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. The hippocampus is not directly involved in sensory perception.
  • Language comprehension: This function is primarily associated with Wernicke's area in the temporal lobe. The hippocampus does not play a direct role in language comprehension.
• Memory and learning:
  • The hippocampus is crucial for the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation.Injuries or disorders affecting the hippocampus can severely impact these processes, leading to memory loss and disorientation.