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Home / IAS Preparation / Minor & Major Committees in Indian Constituent Assembly

Minor & Major Committees in Indian Constituent Assembly | UPSC Notes

Last Updated on Jun 26, 2025
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The Constituent Assembly was an assembly of elected representatives who drafted the document of the constitution. Initially there were 389 members, but after the partition it was left with 299 members that adopted the constitution on 26 November 1947 which came into effect on 26 January 1950. The constituent assembly had the responsibility for framing the constitution of India. It functioned from Dec 1946 to Nov 1949.

Read more about Important Articles of Indian Constitution!

Syllabus

General Studies - II

Topics for Prelims

Constituent Assembly, Fundamental Rights, Making of Indian Constitution 

Topics for Mains

Constitutional Provisions, Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)

About Committees in Indian Constituent Assembly

The Committees of the Indian Constituent Assembly were set up to draft a new constitution for Independent India. These committees played a crucial role in shaping the constitutional framework of the country. There were eight major committees and fourteen minor committees. These were formed to address various aspects of the constitution. These committees were composed of members of the constituent assembly. The committees played a vital role in gathering inputs and examining different perspectives.

Read more about the Salient features of the Constitution!

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List of Major Committees of Indian Constituent Assembly 

Name of the Major Committees

Chairperson

Union power committee

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

Union constitution committee

States committee

Provincial constitution committee

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Drafting committee

B. R. Ambedkar

Advisory committee

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee

J.B. Kripalani

Minorities Sub-Committee

H.C. Mukherjee

North East Frontier Tribal areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas sub-committee

A.V. Thakkar

Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas sub-committee

A.V. Thakkar

Rules and Procedure committee

Dr. Rajendra prasad.

Steering committee

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List of Minor Committees of Indian Constituent Assembly

Name of Minor Committees

Chairperson

Finance and staff committee

Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

Credentials committee

Alladi krishnaswami Ayyar.

House committee

Pattabhi Sitaramayya

Order of Business committee

Dr. K. M. Munshi

Ad Hoc committee on national flag

Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Committee on functions of Constituent assembly

G. V. Malvankar

Ad Hoc committee on Supreme court

S. Varadachari

Committee on Chief Commissioners’ Provinces

Pattabhi Sitaramayya

Expert Committee on Financial Provisions of the Union Constitution

Nalini Ranjan Sarkar

Linguistic Provinces Commission

S.K. Dhar

Special Committee to examine the draft constitution

Jawaharlal Nehru

Press Gallery Committee

Usha Nath Sen

Ad Hoc committee on citizenship

S. Varadachari

Drafting Committee

  • It was the most important committee Formed in August 1947 with the responsibility of Drafting the constitution. It had 7 members with its chairman being Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
  • The remaining members of the drafting committee were K.M. Munshi, Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Alladi krishnaswami Ayyar, Syed Mohammed Sadullah, N. Madhava Rau (in place of B.L. Mitter) and T.T. Ramakrishna Chari (in place of D.P. Khaitan).
  • The first draft of the Constitution of India was given in February 1948, following the second draft in October 1948.
  • The final draft was introduced in the Assembly on 4th November 1948.
  • The motion of draft was passed by the constituent assembly on 26th November 1949.
  • Following the resolution of the Lahore session in December 1939, Purna swaraj Day was celebrated on 26th January 1930.
  • Thus, the constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, except some provisions pertaining to citizenship, elections, provisional parliament etc., that came into force on 26 November 1949.

Read about the Pardoning Power of Governor here!

Different Work Stages of Committees of Indian Constituent Assembly

The committees went through several work stages in the process of drafting the constitution. These stages can be summarized as follows:

  • Formation: The committees were constituted with specific objectives. Mandates were assigned to each committee.
  • Deliberation: The committee members engaged in detailed discussions and deliberations on the assigned topics. They analyzed various proposals and debated different viewpoints. They also considered the implications of their decisions.
  • Consultation: The committees sought inputs and opinions from experts, stakeholders, and the public.
  • Drafting: Based on the consultations, the committees formulated draft provisions, clauses, and recommendations.
  • Review: The drafts prepared by the committees were thoroughly reviewed. They were refined to ensure clarity, coherence, and consistency.
  • Approval: The finalized drafts were presented to the constituent assembly for further debate, amendments, and approval.
  • Incorporation: The approved provisions from the committees' drafts were incorporated into the final constitution of India.

Points to Ponder

These are some of the important factual details about Indian Constituent Assembly:

  • The symbol of elephant was adopted for constituent assembly.
  • B. N. Rau was appointed as the legal advisor of the constituent assembly.
  • The secretary to the constituent assembly was H. V. R. Iyenger.
  • S. N. Mukherjee was appointed as chief draftsman of the constituent assembly.
  • The original constitution was handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada in English.
  • The hindi version was written by Vasant Krishan Vaidya.
  • Beautification was done by artists Nand Lal Bose and Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.


 

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Major Committees in Indian Constituent Assembly UPSC FAQs

The Drafting Committee headed by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was responsible for preparing the draft of the Constitution.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the chairperson of the Constituent Assembly.

The Provincial Constitution Committee was headed by Sardar Patel. It worked on the provisions of governance at the provincial level.

The Constituent Assembly took nearly 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete the drafting of the Constitution.

There were several women members in Indian constituent assembly such as Hansa Mehta, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, and Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
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