Syllabus |
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Topics for Prelims |
Types of majority of the Indian Parliament |
Topics for Mains |
Functions of Parliament of India, Constitutional Amendments, Government Policies and Interventions, Judiciary, Issues Relating to Development. |
Types of majority in India follow a parliamentary democracy. The Indian Parliament operates on a system of different majorities depending on the nature of the decision being made. These majorities ensure broad consensus and stability, particularly for crucial matters like constitutional amendments or financial bills. There are 4 types of majority in India. They are the simple majority, special majority, absolute majority and effective majority. These majorities are used to pass a bill or resolution of motion in Parliament.
The Constitution of India provides four types of majorities: Simple, Absolute, Effective, and Special. types of majority is a topic relevant to the UPSC CSE context under General Studies Paper II. It is a basic topic for aspirants to understand the dynamic aspect of the types of majority of the Indian Parliament. Types of majority is an important topic for UPSC Civil Services because it highlights the constitutional, parliamentary issues and their impact on Indian society, which are frequently discussed in the exam. Join UPSC Coaching today to boost your preparation.
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In this article on types of majority in the Indian Parliament, the four different types of majority are discussed in detail. While studying the types of bills, aspirants should also get to know the type of majority used to pass those bills in the Indian Parliament.
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India follows a parliamentary democracy. In a parliamentary democracy, all major decisions are taken by the Parliament. To pass a bill to make the laws, the Parliament needs to pass them with a majority. There are different types of majorities in the Indian Parliament. There are four types of Majorities in India, they are:
Study the Schedules of the Indian Constitution here.
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There are four key types of majority in India: absolute, effective, simple, and special. Each plays a distinct role in parliamentary decisions, constitutional amendments, and the stability of governance.
An absolute majority requires over half of the total strength of the house.
Absolute Majority = Total membership of the house+1 = 273
Absolute Majority = Total membership of the house+1 = 123
Total Strength of the Houses of Parliament
Check Important Articles of the Indian Constitution here.
An effective majority means over 50% of the effective strength—total seats minus vacancies.
Effective Majority = Total strength of the house – Total number of vacant and absent seats
Learn about Fundamental Rights here.
A simple majority is more votes in favor than against among members present and voting.
A simple majority is used in the following cases,
Study the Difference between Ordinary Bills and money Bills here.
A special majority involves a stricter threshold: two‑thirds of present and voting members plus a majority of the total strength. Used for major actions like constitutional amendments under Article 368, removal of high officials, and federal changes with state ratification.
Learn about Types of Writs in India here.
Also, check the Significance of e-Governance here.
Study the Right To Equality Articles 14 to 18 here.
Key Takeaways on Types of Majorities in the Indian Parliament For UPSC Aspirants!
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