Which of the following states has the highest fertility rate in India according to the 2011 census?

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SSC CGL (2022) Tier-II Official Paper (Held On : 3 March 2023)
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  1. Kerala
  2. Punjab
  3. Maharashtra
  4. Bihar

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Bihar
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Bihar.

Key Points

  • According to the 2011 census in India, the state with the highest fertility rate was Bihar, with a total fertility rate of 3.4.
  • Population: Bihar is the third most populous state in India with a population of 104,099,452.
    • It accounts for 8.58% of India's population.
  • Gender Ratio: The sex ratio in Bihar has improved marginally from 919 in 2001 to 918 in 2011.
    • However, the state still has one of the lowest gender ratios in India.
  • Literacy Rate: The literacy rate in Bihar has improved significantly from 47.0% in 2001 to 61.8% in 2011.
    • However, it is still lower than the national average of 74.04%.
  • Rural-Urban Divide: Bihar is predominantly a rural state with 89.7% of its population residing in rural areas.
    • The state has a low urbanization rate of 10.3%.
  • Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes: The Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) together constitute 15.6% of Bihar's population.
    • The literacy rate among SCs is 52.5% and among STs is 47.0%.
Additional Information
  • Census of India
    • Census 2011 was the 15th Census of India and the 7th Census after independence.
    • 8 Census has been conducted prior to independence.
    • Census is conducted every 10 years in India.
    • The first Census in India was conducted in the year 1872.
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