Which of the following correctly represents the relationship between u(object distance), v (image distance) and f (focal length) of a spherical mirror? 

The Correct answer is (1/v) + (1/u) = (1/f).

Key Points

• This equation is known as the Mirror Formula, which establishes a relationship between the object distance (u), image distance (v), and focal length (f) for a spherical mirror.
• The formula is applicable for both concave and convex mirrors.
• In the equation, all distances are measured from the pole of the mirror, and the sign convention must be followed to determine the nature of the distances (positive or negative).
• Concave mirrors form real and inverted images for objects placed beyond the focal point and virtual images when the object is within the focal length.
• Convex mirrors, however, always produce virtual, erect, and diminished images regardless of the object’s position.
• The formula is derived from the geometry of the mirror and is used in various applications, including optics, imaging systems, and physics experiments.
• The equation ensures the quantitative analysis of image formation, allowing scientists and engineers to calculate the exact position and size of the image.