The gland, which in relation to body size is largest at birth and then gradually shrinks after puberty, is

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

RRB Pharmacist Previous Year Paper 2015

Answer 1

Correct Answer: Thymus

Rationale:

The thymus gland is indeed the largest in relation to body size at birth and continues to grow until puberty, after which it gradually shrinks and becomes replaced by fat and connective tissue. This process is known as thymic involution.
The thymus plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system, particularly in the maturation of T-lymphocytes (T-cells), which are essential for adaptive immunity.

Explanation of Other Options:

Thyroid

Rationale: The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. It does not follow the same pattern of growth and involution as the thymus. The thyroid generally maintains its size and function throughout life unless affected by disease.

Pituitary

Rationale: The pituitary gland, often referred to as the "master gland," controls various endocrine functions through hormone secretion. It does not significantly shrink after puberty; rather, it continues to function actively throughout a person’s life.

Adrenal

Rationale: The adrenal glands produce hormones such as cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone, which are vital for stress response, metabolism, and blood pressure regulation. These glands do not undergo significant shrinkage after puberty.

Conclusion:

Among the given options, the thymus is the gland that is largest at birth relative to body size and then gradually shrinks after puberty. This process is a normal part of aging and is a key aspect of the development and regulation of the immune system.