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Option 2 : Troposphere
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The correct answer is Troposphere.

Important Points

  • The air is a mixture of several gases and it encompasses the earth from all sides.
  • The air surrounding the earth is called the atmosphere.

Key Points

  • The troposphere is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere.
  • The height of this layer is about 18 km on the equator and 8 km on the poles.
  • The thickness of the troposphere is greatest at the equator because heat us transported to great heights by strong convectional currents.
  • All phenomena of climate and weather, which physically affects the man, takes place with in this layer.
  • The temperature decreases with increasing height of the atmosphere.
  • It decreases at the rate of 1 degree Celsius for every 165 m of height.
    • This is called Normal Lapse Rate.
  • The zone separating the troposphere from the stratosphere is known as the tropopause.
    • The air temperature at the tropopause is about – 80 degree Celsius over the equator and about – 45 degree Celsius over the poles.
    • The temperature here is almost constant.
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