An organism simply splits into two equal halves during cell division. What is it known as? 

The correct answer is Binary fission.

Key Points

• Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction.
• In this process, a single organism divides into two equal parts.
• Each part develops into a new organism identical to the parent.
• This method is common in prokaryotic organisms like bacteria.
• It ensures rapid population growth in favorable environments.
• Binary fission occurs through simple mitotic cell division.
• Examples of organisms that reproduce by binary fission include Amoeba and Paramecium.

 Additional Information

• Regeneration
  • Regeneration is the process by which organisms replace or restore lost or damaged tissues or body parts.
  • It is seen in organisms like starfish, lizards, and planarians.
  • Unlike binary fission, regeneration involves the formation of new tissues from the remaining part.
• Spore formation
  • Spore formation is a method of asexual reproduction where an organism produces spores that develop into new individuals.
  • This method is common in fungi, algae, and some bacteria.
  • Spores are typically resistant to harsh environmental conditions.
• Budding
  • Budding is an asexual reproduction method where a new organism grows from a bud on the parent organism.
  • It is observed in organisms like yeasts and hydras.
  • The new organism remains attached until it is mature and then detaches.