Ecology and Environment MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Ecology and Environment - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Goa.

Key Points

• The Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary was named after India’s eminent ornithologist, Dr Salim Moizuddin Ali.
• It’s an estuarine mangrove habitat located on the western part of the island Chorao along the Mandovi river in Goa.
• It was declared a reserved area in 1988 by the Forest Department of Goa.
• Dr. Salim Ali was a renowned environmentalist who popularized ornithology in India.
• He is famously known as  the ‘Birdman of India.’

Additional Information

• Wind is an example of abiotic component of environment.
• Abiotic components or abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems.
• These are also called as the ecological factors.
• The physical and chemical factors are characteristic of the environment. Light, air, soil, and nutrients etc. form the abiotic components of an ecosystem.

​The correct answer is Odisha.

• ‘Simlipal Biosphere Niche’ is situated in Odisha.

Key Points

• Similipal National Park is a national park and a tiger reserve in the Mayurbhanj district in the Indian state of Odisha covering 2,750 km².
• It is part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes three protected areas — Similipal Tiger Reserve, Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary with 191.06 km², and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary with 272.75 km².
• Simlipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of red silk cotton trees growing in the area.
• It is the 7th largest national park in India.
• The park is home to the Bengal tiger, Asian elephant, gaur, and Chausingha. along with some of the beautiful waterfalls like Joranda and Barehipani Falls.
• The government of India declared Simlipal as a biosphere in 1994.
• This protected area is part of the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2009.

Additional Information

Odisha

• State formed: 1st April 1936.
• Capital: Bhubaneswar.
• Chief Minister: Mohan Charan Majhi
• Governor: Raghubar Das
• Official Language: Odia.
• The old name of Odhisa was Kalinga.
• The tagline of Odhisa is "The soul of Incredible India".
• Bhubaneswar is the capital of Odhisa and known as the 'Temple city' and 'Cathedral city of India'.
• Rourkela is the industrial capital of Odhisa.
• Cuttack is the cultural capital of Odhisa.
• Cuttack is known as 'Millenium city and Silver city'.
• The high court of Odhisa is situated in Cuttack
• Konark Sun Temple is known as 'Black Pagoda' is at Odhisa.
• Jaganatha Temple is situated at Puri in Odhisa.
• Chilka Lake is the largest saline water lake in India.
• Hirakud is the longest dam in the world built across the Mahanadi river.
• The Mahanadi is known as Sorrow of Odhisa.
• Nandankanan Tiger Reserve is famous for White Tigers.
• Paradip is the major seaport of Odhisa.

Punjab

• State formed: 1st November 1966.
• Capital: Chandigarh.
• Chief Minister: Bhagwant Singh Mann.
• Governor: Gulab Chand Kataria
• Official Language: Punjabi.
• Punjab is known as the 'Land of Five rivers' (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej, Jhelum, and Chenab).
• Punjab is known as the 'Granary of India' and 'Breadbasket of India'.
• Ludhiana is known as the 'Cycle city of India'.
• The famous Golden Temple is in Amristar.
• The high court of Punjab is situated in Chandigarh.
• India's first sports Museum was started at Patiala.
• Wagah Border is in Punjab is also known as the 'Berlin wall of Asia'.

Delhi

• Delhi became the capital of India when it was shifted from Kolkata in 1911.
• The new capital of India was inaugurated on 13^th February 1931.
• Delhi became the Union Territory in 1956.
• Delhi was given the status of National Capital Territory in 1992 by the 69^th Constitutional Amendment Act 1991.
• Delhi was earlier known as Indraprastha.
• Delhi was designed by the British architects  Edwin Luytens and Herbert Baker.
• The India Gate is primarily known as the "All India War Memorial".
• Lotus Temple, Jama Masjid, Connaught Palace, Humayun Tomb, Akshardham Temple, and Red Fort are situated in Delhi.
• The first Asian Games were held in Delhi in 1951.
• Indira Gandhi International Airport is situated in Delhi.
• The first food bank in India is in Delhi.
• New Delhi is the headquarter of the Indian Army, Air Force, Navy, CBI, Indian Railway, ITBP, and Punjab National Bank.
• The first driverless metro in India.
• Delhi is the most populous and most densely populated Union Territory in India.
• Chief Minister - Arvind Kejriwal.
• Lieutenant Governor - Vinay Kumar Saxena.

West Bengal

• State Formed: 26th January 1956.
• Job Charnock is the architect of Kolkata city.
• Capital: Kolkata.
• Chief Minister: Mamata Banerjee.
• Governor: C.V. Ananda Bose
• Official Language: Bengali.
• City of Palaces and City of Joy - Kolkata.
• The sorrow of Bengal: Damodar.
• India's first underground railway system and first metro train service were established in Kolkata.
• India's first IIT was set up at Kharagpur.
• The Himalayan Mountaineering Institute was established in Darjeeling.
• Largest Cantilever bridge in India - Howrah Bridge.
• The leading producer of Rice and Jute.
• Largest Delta in the world - Sunderbans Delta Kolkata.
• Largest Planetarium - Birla Planetarium in Kolkata.
• Raniganj is the first coal mine in India.
• India's first telegraph line and telephone line were set up in Kolkata.
• Bengal Bank is the first bank to introduce the Cheque system in India (1784).
• Eden Gardens stadium in Kolkata is known as the 'Lord's of Asia'.
• Kolkata is known as the 'Mecca of Indian Football'.

Explanation:

Uttar Pradesh’s first toy train via Dudhwa national park was started. It will ferry tourists on the Mailani-Nanpara route via the Dudhwa National Park.

• Dudhwa National Park is located in the Lakhimpur Kheri district of Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• Dudhwa Tiger Reserve was established in the year 1987.   
• It is spread over the areas of the Lakhimpur and Bahraich district.
• Total area: 1093.79 km sq.
• It shares its north-eastern boundary with Nepal.
• It is home to 400 bird species, cheetah, elephants, tigers, leopards, swamp deer, etc.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh has 4 Tiger Reserves in the state.
  • Dhudhwa Tiger Reserve
  • Ranipur Tiger Reserve
  • Pilibhit Tiger Reserve
  • Amangarh Tiger Reserve
• Pilibhit Tiger Reserve:-
  • ​Established in the year 2014.
  • Spread over Pilibhit, Lakhimpur, and Bahraich district in Uttar Pradesh.
  • Total area: 602.79 km sq.
• Amangarh Tiger Reserve:-
  • Established in the year 2012.
  • Located in Amangarh in the Bijnor district.
  • Total area: 80.06 sq km.

The correct answer is A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1.

Key Points

• Kachhua/Turtle Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • It was established in the year 1989.
  • Total Area: 7 sq km.
• Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • ​It was set up in 1977.
  • Total Area: 5.4 sq km.
• Sohagibarwa Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Maharajganj district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • ​It was set up in 1987.
  • Total Area: 428 sq km.
• Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Behraich district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • It was set up in 1975.
  • Total Area: 550 sq km.

Additional Information

•  There are 24 Wildlife Sanctuaries in Uttar Pradesh.
• The first wildlife sanctuary in the state is Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • It was set up in 1957 in the Chandauli district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • Total Area: 78 sq km
• The largest wildlife sanctuary is Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • It was set up in 1986.
  • Total Area: 2073 sq km
• The smallest wildlife sanctuary is Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary.

The correct answer is ​Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Ranthambore National Park is one of the largest and most famous national parks in North India.
• The area of Ranthambore National Park is 392 square kilometres.
• The park is mainly known for its tigers and is one of the best places in India to see majestic predators in its natural habitat.
• Ranthambore National Park is a vast wildlife reserve near the town of Sawai Madhopur in Rajasthan, northern India.
• It is a former royal hunting ground and home to tigers, leopards, and marsh crocodiles.

The correct answer is 1980.

Key Points

• The Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 was passed to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto.
• Under the provisions of this Act, prior approval of the Central Government is required for the diversion of forestlands for non-forest purposes.
• The Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 was further amended in 1988.

Additional Information 

• The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in the year 1986.
• The main objective of this act is to provide the protection and improvement of the environment and for matters connected therewith.
• The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for the protection of plants and animal species.
• Constitutional provisions of Forest Conservation:
  • Article 48-A of the Indian Constitution deals with protection and improvement of the environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife - the state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.
  • Clause g of Article 51 A of the Indian Constitution says that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Optional 3 is correct, i.e. Himachal Pradesh.

Key Points:

The correct answer is Anginda.

Key Points

• Anamudi Peak is located on the border of Kothamangalam Taluka in the Ernakulam district and Devikulam Taluk of Idukki district of Kerala in India.
  • It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India at an altitude of 2,695 meters and a topographic prominence of 2,479 meters.
  • The mountain derives its name from the Malayalam word Anamudi which means Elephant's head in the English language.
  • It is the largest mountain in Kerala and it is also the highest mountain in peninsular India.
  • It is also called "Everest of South India".
• Anginda Peak is the highest peak in Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad.
  • It is a mountain in the Nilgiri Hills of the Western Ghats on the border of the Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu and Palakkad district of Kerala.
  • It has a height of 2,383 meters.
  • The tributary of Bharathappuzha i.e River kunthipuzha arises from this peak.
• Devimala Peak is situated in the Anamalai Hills of Kerala and it is the highest peak in the Devikulam hill station.
  • It is one of the fourteen highest peaks of the Western Ghats in Devikulam taluka of Idukki district.
• Perumal Peak is located in the Kodaikanal district of Tamilnadu and It is also known as the Perumal Malai Peak. 
  • It has an elevation of a total of 2,440 meters​.

Image of Anginda Peak:

The correct answer is SDG 6.

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 6 ensures availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• Sustainable Development Goal 6 is about "clean water and sanitation for all."
• The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.
• They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice.
• The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 strives to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social, and environmental.

Additional Information

• There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals-
  • GOAL 1: No Poverty.
  • GOAL 2: Zero Hunger.
  • GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being.
  • GOAL 4: Quality Education.
  • GOAL 5: Gender Equality.
  • GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation.
  • GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy.
  • GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth.
  • GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
  • GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality.
  • GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities.
  • GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.
  • GOAL 13: Climate Action.
  • GOAL 14: Life Below Water.
  • GOAL 15: Life on Land.
  • GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions.
  • GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal.

The correct answer is Ozone

Key Points

• A Primary Pollutant is a pollutant that emerges directly from any source whereas a secondary pollutant is formed when the primary pollutants react in the atmosphere. 
• Ozone is an example of secondary pollutant since it is formed when nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons combine in the presence of sunlight. 

Additional Information

• Carbon monoxide is a primary pollutant. 

Animals from class Aves are warm-blooded.

• Aves class represents birds and their characteristic features are feathers, a beak, and the forelimbs are modified into wings.
• They are warm-blooded animals i.e. they will be able to maintain constant body temperature.

The correct answer is Loktak Lake.

Key Points:

• Keibul Lamjao National Park, the only floating park in the world, is located in the Loktak lake.
• Keibul Lamjao National Park is the only floating National Park in the world.
• It is the home of the brow-antlered deer which is one of the most endangered deer in the world.
• It is located in the Bishnupur district of Manipur in India.
• It is an integral part of Loktak Lake.

Additional Information

The correct answer is the Protection of the Ozone layer.

Key Points

• The protection of the Ozone layer is the main aim of the Montreal Protocol.
• The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted on September 16, 1987.
• It is aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer of the Earth.

Additional Information

• Initially, it was signed by 46 countries but now has nearly 200 signatories.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Silent Valley National Park:
  • Located in the Palakkad district in the Nilgiri Mountains of Kerala.
  • It is at the heart of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and consists of areas of South Western Ghats rain forests and tropical wet evergreen jungle.
  • River Kunthi passes through it.
  • Silent Valley Park is known for many highly endangered species such as lion-tailed macaque, tiger, gaur, leopard, wild boar, panther, Indian Civet, and Sambhar. 

​Additional Information