Which of the following South American countries is part of OPEC bloc?

The correct answer is Venezuela.
Key Points

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is a group of 12 countries that produce and export petroleum. The OPEC member countries include Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.​OPEC

• The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in Baghdad, Iraq, with the signing of an agreement in September 1960 by five countries namely Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. They were to become the Founder Members of the Organization.
• These countries were later joined by Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), Nigeria (1971), Ecuador (1973), Gabon (1975), Angola (2007), Equatorial Guinea (2017) and Congo (2018).
• Ecuador suspended its membership in December 1992, rejoined OPEC in October 2007, but decided to withdraw its membership of OPEC effective 1 January 2020.
• Indonesia suspended its membership in January 2009, reactivated it again in January 2016, but decided to suspend its membership once more at the 171st Meeting of the OPEC Conference on 30 November 2016.
• Gabon terminated its membership in January 1995. However, it rejoined the Organization in July 2016.
• Qatar terminated its membership on 1 January 2019. Angola withdrew its membership effective 1 January 2024
• This means that, currently, the Organization has a total of 12 Member Countries.