Universe of Knowledge MCQ Quiz in मराठी - Objective Question with Answer for Universe of Knowledge - मोफत PDF डाउनलोड करा

The Correct answer is ​Tool-Subjects.

 Key Points

• Tool-Subjects:
  • Tool subjects refer to disciplines that apply to the advancement and development of a specific subject.
  • For instance, the study of chemistry, mathematics, statistics, physics, and other related fields serve as tool subjects, contributing to its overall development.

Additional Information

• Divisions and Subdivisions:
  • ​Divisions and Subdivisions encompass all the topics explored within the relevant subject.
  • Specifically, this entails the major divisions and their immediate subdivisions.
  • In this context, it is essential to include terms, including synonyms, that signify the broad divisions and their respective subdivisions, along with comprehensive definitions and scopes for each.
  • A pragmatic approach involves examining representative textbooks and advanced treatises on the subject and systematically analyzing their content to extract insights into the classificatory treatment of the subject.
  • This process aims to capture how specialists organize and structure the subject for purposes such as study, teaching, and learning.
  • Additionally, comprehensive definitions are to be compiled from diverse authoritative sources to enrich the understanding of the subject.
• Application:
  • This refers to the domains where the studied subject can be utilized to foster its advancement.
  • For instance, in the context of physics as the subject of inquiry, its applications extend to engineering sciences, chemical sciences, and biological sciences.
• Basic Subject:
  • A basic subject lacks any isolated idea as a constituent.
  • It is a subject listed in the schedules of basic subjects and undergoes the complete cycle of the spiral of scientific methods, as advocated by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan.
  • Examples include Mathematics, Economics, and Law.

The Correct Answer is Distillation.

Key Points

•  Distillation
  • ​It is the mode of formation in which an isolated idea denoting a practice in action develops into a new subject.
  • Examples - Management, Research, Conferences, etc.
  • Distilled out of an idea(s) occurring as a practice - in-action in subjects going with diverse BS.

Additional Information

Loose Assemblage

• ​Loose assemblage is assembling together two or more:
  • a) subjects (basic or compound)
  • b) isolate ideas (in one and the same facet, or isolate ideas in one and the same array) 
• Assembling is done to express one or the other possible relations, between the components of the assembly.
• It is called "inter-subject phase relation".

Fission

• ​Fission is the process of division or splitting or breaking up into parts
• Fission is an internal process of division without the involvement of an outside agency. 
• Example:
  • Philosophy
  • Logic
  • Deductive Logic 

Cluster

• ​Forming a group of similar entities, because of their relationship with each other or their simultaneity of occurrence or for convenience in treatment or discussion. 
• The document in which the preliminary results are brought together just as in a collection.
• Examples:
  • Area study, in which geographical area forms the focus of the cluster, like Sinology (Chinese studies), and Nippinology (Japanese studies).
  • Generalia person study, in which a multi-faceted personality forms the focus of a cluster Gandhian.
  • Study of entity or phenomena forming the focus of a cluster Soil science, Surface science.  

The correct answer is Dissection.

Key Points

• Dissection:
  • The meaning of this term is " separating something into pieces.
  • It cuts a universe of entities into two parts of coordinate status.
  • For example, India is divided into Tamilnadu, Kerala, etc.
• Lamination:
  • Lamination means "Layering"
  • For example, we have already an idea but we find out more ideas.
• Denudation:
  • It is stripping a subject, like peeling an onion, of its successive layers to reach the bottom of the bottomless.
  • Dissection and denudation are both relative terms differing only in degree.
  • Denudation is dissection applied repeatedly on one   entity
  • For example the world - Asia - India - Tamil Nadu

• Super-imposition:
  • It means it's a collection of different aspects.
  • it's related to designing a new object-oriented version.

Important Points

• Lamination, dissection, and denudation is the part of the modes of formation.

The Correct answer is ​Dissection.

Key Points

• Dissection:
  • ​Dissection, in the context of a subject, refers to the one-time splitting of the subject into an immediate array of subordinate fragments, each holding equal ranks.
  • To illustrate, envision cutting a whole bread into slices, varying in thickness but collectively forming parts of the original whole – this act represents dissection.
  • Similarly, the traditional subdivision of physics into branches like properties of matter, heat, light, sound, and electricity exemplifies the dissection process.
  • Another instance is the political division of a country into its constituent provinces, akin to dissecting the Earth into seven continents.
  • The resulting divisions share a common genus, ensuring mutual exclusivity, exhaustiveness, and equal rank among them.
  • In essence, all segments derived from dissection collectively constitute an array of related classes or entities.
  • Notably, the dissection process is characterized by its horizontal and instantaneous nature, with Ranganathan occasionally referring to it as dissection by fission itself (Ranganathan, 1972).

Additional Information

• Denudation:
  • Denudation, in its literal sense, refers to the act of making something bare.
  • When applied to the examination of a single entity, it involves a prolonged and repeated dissection, akin to peeling the layers of an onion to uncover its core.
  • This process, exemplified in various scientific disciplines such as physical sciences, chemistry, and organic chemistry, unfolds vertically, creating a chain of entities with each layer subjected to successive subordination.
  • Extension of the subject decreases while its intension increases in the process.
  • It may be noted that both dissection and denudation are relative terms differing only in degree.
  • Denudation is a dissection applied repeatedly to one entity. Therefore, denudation includes dissection.
  • For example the world - Asia - India - Tamil Nadu.

• Lamination:
  • Lamination means "Layering"
  • For example, we have already an idea but we find out more ideas.

​

• Fission:
  • Fission is the process of division or splitting or breaking up into parts.
  • This process has, until recently, been denoted by the term " dissection". 
  • However, dissection usually implies the splitting, breaking up, etc., of an entity into parts by an outside agency.
  • On the other hand, fission is an internal process of division without the involvement of an outside agency. 
  • The initial set of primary basic subjects (PBS) included in a scheme for library classification results from a division/fission of the UoS.

The Correct answer is Segments maintain a constant shape or size.

Key PointsCharacteristics of Segments:

• A segment comes into existence simultaneously with the birth of a subject.
• Segments do not maintain a constant shape or size; both can change over time.
• There are four categories of segments: objects, actions, space, and time.
  • Object segments encompass nouns, both concrete and abstract, animate and inanimate.
  • Action segments involve verbs, with subject headings taking the form of verbal nouns.
  • Space segments include geographical and astronomical elements, while time segments cover various temporal manifestations.
• Each segment hosts a subject, possessing its own identity and location, comfortably separated by space from other segments.
• All segments are connected by invisible bonds, with unpredictable moments when these bonds become stronger, leading to the emergence of new segments.
• Segments fall into three consistency categories: well-formed segments recognized by academic bodies, segments in a formative stage, and nebulous segments not generally acknowledged by the academic community.
•  Segments can split into numerous subdivisions, each further dividing into more subdivisions.
• Each segment can share a portion of its content without losing its essence.
• Segments go through stages of creation, stability, and decay or destruction.
•  A segment can appear anywhere in the Universe of Knowledge, analogous to clouds forming in the sky when conditions are ripe. The birth of a segment signifies the birth of a subject.

The Correct answer is Phases.

Key Points

• Phases:
  • ​Phases of a subject are loosely assembled and are in incidental relations which can be easily set apart as they form distinct portion of a complex subject.
  • A complex subject requires phase analysis and further each of the phase may require facet analysis.

Additional Information

• Facets:
  • Facets are layers of which a subject is made of.
  • These are inborn constituents of a compound subject and are hard to set apart.
  • They make a compound subject. Identification of different facets in a compound subject is a process of facet analysis.
• Array-
  • An array is essentially a systematically ranked and arranged group of equal entities.
  • For example- all the children of a father make an array
  • Ranganathan defines array as "a set of classes arranged in the proper sequence and derived from a universe, on the basis of a single characteristic at any step in the progress towards a complete assortment of the entities of the universe".
• Basic Subject:
  • A basic subject lacks any isolated idea as a constituent.
  • It is a subject listed in the schedules of basic subjects and undergoes the complete cycle of the spiral of scientific methods, as advocated by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan.
  • Examples include Mathematics, Economics, and Law.

The Correct answer is Lamination 2,

Key Points

• Lamination:
  • Lamination is a construction by an overlaying facet, just as one makes a sandwich by layering a vegetable over a layer of bread.
  • According to Ranganathan "When the basic layer is a basic subject and the other layers are isolate ideas, a compound subject is formed".
  • Lamination is of two types: 
    • Lamination 1:
      • In this mode, one or more isolate facets are laminated over a basic facet. This results in compound subjects.
    • Lamination 2:
      • In this mode, two or more sub-facets of a compound facet are laminated over one another.
      • Such subjects were called earlier non-main basic subjects, the components of which were host main subjects.
      • The latter had the canonical/special/ environment/system component. 

Additional Information

• Loose Assemblage:
  • ​Loose assemblage is assembling of two or more of:
    • subjects (basic or compound)
    • isolate ideas (in the same facet, or isolate ideas in one and the same array)
  • Assembling is done to express one or the other of possible relations, between the components of the assembly.
  • The result is a complex subject, a complex isolate idea, or a complex array of isolated idea, as the case may be.
  • Loose assemblage may be of three kinds. They are :
    • Loose Assemblage of Kind-1: 
      • Two or more subjects - simple or compound - are studied in their mutual relationship.
      • It is called "inter-subject phase relation" and can be one of the following five types:  General; Bias; Comparison; Difference and Influencing.
    • Loose Assemblage of Kind-2:
      • Two or more isolates taken from the same schedule are brought into a mutual relationship.
      • This is called an "intro facet phase relation" and results in a complex isolate.
    • Loose Assemblage of Kind-3:
      • ​Two or more isolates taken from the same array of an order higher than I in the same schedule are brought into mutual relation.
      • This is called an "intra-array phase relation" and results in a complex array isolate

The Correct answer is ​A process that facilitates the growth of knowledge through consumption and sharing.

Key Points

• Induced Growth:
  • ​Induced growth of knowledge lies half way between the natural and planned methods.
  • Knowledge is not a commodity in the sense it is decimated by consumption. We can eat our knowledge cake and multiply it too at the same time.
  • In fact, more we consume and share, more it grows and multiplies.
  • Gaining or communicating knowledge further facilitates the growth of knowledge.
  • Fritz Machlup equates knowledge dissemination to its growth.
  • Close interaction between scholars, specialization trends, team work and interdisciplinary studies are conducive to the growth of knowledge.
  • In fact all these are – both the cause and effect of the continued growth of knowledge.

Additional Information

• Natural Growth:
  • ​Paul Weiss, S.R. Ranganathan, and Kevin McGarry compare the growth of knowledge to the development of living organisms, emphasizing that knowledge expands organically without conscious efforts, much like a forest thriving in a conducive environment.
  • In every era and society, individuals driven by curiosity and restlessness contribute to knowledge creation independently.
  • This ongoing growth transforms knowledge into a dynamic continuum, resembling a system that requires a continuous influx of information for stability and development. 
• Planned Growth:
  • ​Planned Growth of knowledge is deemed essential for the economic and social development of any society or nation.
  • The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point, as societies began recognizing the value of knowledge-based innovations in driving economic growth.
  • The link between knowledge production and economic prosperity has been evident, leading to advancements in cultural, technological, and educational domains.
  • The translation of new knowledge into wealth creation contributes to overall societal welfare and fosters ideas for individual justice and dignity of life.

The Correct answer is Cluster.

Key Points

• A cluster, in the context of information organization, refers to a grouping or collection of specialized studies or resources that are related to a particular subject, phenomenon, or field of study.
• Clusters are created to organize and categorize information for easier access and retrieval, and they can encompass a variety of materials, including documents, research studies, or data, that are all focused on a common topic.
• These clusters, sometimes referred to as subject bundles, facilitate research and exploration within specific disciplines, such as Social Science or Natural Science, by bringing together relevant information resources in a structured manner.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Dissection.

 Key Points

• Dissection:
  • One time splitting of a subject into an immediate array of its subordinate fragments of equal ranks is called dissection.
  • Division of physics into its traditional branches such as properties of matter, heat, light, sound, and electricity is an example of dissection.
  • The dissection process is horizontal and instantaneous in action.

Additional Information

•  Loose Assemblage:
  • ​A loose assemblage is the combination of two or more subjects or their parts in a sort of temporary, casual, or incidental ways involving any relation viz, influencing, comparison, biased, difference, tool, or any undefined one.
• Fusion:
  • ​Fusion is an advanced stage of loose assemblage. When a loose assemblage solidifies into a permanent relation and the different constituents are irreversibly joined to form an entirely new subject with its own special isolates and literary warrant, it is called a fused subject or a subject born by the fusion.
• Super-imposition:
  • It is the collection of different aspects and designs to create new object-oriented versions.