The Land Acquisition Act MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for The Land Acquisition Act - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is 'Section 10 .'

Key Points

• Special provision to safeguard food security:
  • Section 10 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act) deals specifically with safeguarding food security.
  • This section restricts the acquisition of multi-crop irrigated land, which is essential for agricultural productivity and food security.
  • It stipulates that such land can only be acquired under exceptional circumstances, and even then, an equivalent area of cultivable land must be developed to compensate for the loss.
  • This provision ensures that the country's food security is not compromised due to land acquisition projects, which might otherwise lead to reduced agricultural output.

Additional Information

• Incorrect options explained:
  • Section 7:
    • Section 7 of the RFCTLARR Act deals with the publication of the preliminary notification for land acquisition and related procedural steps.
    • It does not address food security or the restrictions on acquiring multi-crop irrigated land.
  • Section 9:
    • Section 9 pertains to the declaration of the acquisition and the issuance of a public notice regarding the intent to acquire land.
    • It does not contain provisions related to safeguarding food security.
  • Section 5:
    • Section 5 of the Act addresses the requirement for a social impact assessment study before proceeding with land acquisition.
    • Although this section is important for assessing the impact on communities, it does not specifically deal with food security provisions.

About the RFCTLARR Act, 2013

• The RFCTLARR Act, 2013 was enacted to ensure fair compensation and transparency in land acquisition processes, while also addressing rehabilitation and resettlement concerns.
• The Act replaced the archaic Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and introduced measures to minimize the negative impact of land acquisition on affected families.
• Key objectives include striking a balance between economic development and protecting the rights of landowners and livelihood providers.

The correct answer is '2013'

Key Points

• Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The latest changes to the land acquisition law in India were brought through the enactment of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013.
  • This law replaced the colonial-era Land Acquisition Act of 1894, addressing widespread concerns about forced land acquisitions and inadequate compensation.
  • The 2013 Act aimed to ensure fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation for those affected by land acquisitions. It emphasized the consent of landowners and social impact assessments before acquiring land.
  • Key provisions included mandatory consent from 70% of affected families in the case of public-private partnership projects and 80% for private projects, along with a comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement plan.
  • The Act also laid down stricter timelines for completing land acquisition processes to avoid delays and disputes.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (2012): This year saw discussions and debates about reforming land acquisition laws, but the final legislation was passed in 2013. Hence, 2012 is not the correct answer.
  • Option 2 (2015): In 2015, the government proposed amendments to the 2013 Act to simplify the acquisition process for certain categories of projects. However, these amendments faced opposition and were not fully implemented. The core law remains the 2013 Act.
  • Option 3 (2020): No significant changes to the land acquisition law were made in 2020. Discussions on land reforms and related issues continued, but no new legislation replaced or significantly altered the 2013 Act.
• Importance of the 2013 Act:
  • The 2013 Act marked a progressive shift in land acquisition laws by prioritizing the rights and welfare of affected individuals and ensuring transparency in the process.
  • It addressed longstanding grievances related to arbitrary land acquisitions and inadequate compensation under the 1894 Act.

The correct answer is 'B and C '.

Key Points

• Possession of land by the government before compensation:
  • Under certain circumstances, the government has the authority to take possession of land before paying compensation. This provision is applied in situations where urgent action is required for specific national interests.
  • Two such scenarios include the minimum area required for national security and the minimum area required for emergency response to calamities or other emergencies.
  • The urgency in these situations justifies bypassing the usual process of compensation payment before land possession, as they are critical to public safety and national interest.
• National Security:
  • The government may acquire land urgently for national security purposes when such land is essential for defense operations or securing the nation from external threats.
  • The minimum area required for such projects ensures that land acquisition is limited to what is absolutely necessary for the specific purpose.
• Emergency Response:
  • Land may also be acquired urgently for emergency responses, such as dealing with natural disasters, calamities, or other emergencies, where immediate action is required to prevent loss of life or property.
  • In such cases, the government prioritizes swift action over procedural delays, including compensation payments, to address the emergency effectively.

Additional Information

• Area required for defense of India (Option A):
  • This option is incorrect because land acquisition for general defense purposes does not necessarily bypass the compensation process. The urgency factor depends on the specific circumstances, not all defense-related projects qualify for immediate possession.
• Minimum area required for national security (Option B):
  • This option is correct as it involves urgent land acquisition for national security purposes where immediate possession is justified.
• Minimum area required for emergency response to calamities or other emergencies (Option C):
  • This option is correct as it involves urgent possession of land to deal with emergencies where delays could result in loss of life or property.
• Combination of A and C (Option 4):
  • This option is incorrect because not all projects related to defense fall under the category requiring urgent possession without compensation.
• Combination of A and B (Option 1):
  • This option is incorrect because it includes general defense purposes (Option A), which do not always qualify for immediate possession without compensation.

The correct answer is 'Multi-cropped, irrigated land.'

Key Points

• Multi-cropped, irrigated land:
  • The New Land Acquisition Law, formally known as the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013, places significant restrictions on acquiring certain types of land.
  • Multi-cropped, irrigated land is highly fertile and primarily used for agricultural purposes. It plays a vital role in ensuring food security for the nation.
  • Under the law, such land cannot be acquired except under rare circumstances, such as for defense purposes or emergencies caused by natural calamities, to protect the interests of farmers and preserve agricultural productivity.
  • This restriction reflects the government's intention to minimize disruption to agriculture and prevent the overuse of fertile land for industrial or urban development.

Additional Information

• Industrial Land:
  • Industrial land refers to areas designated for industries and manufacturing. Such land can be acquired under the law if it meets the requirements for public purpose or development, but it does not enjoy the same legal protection as multi-cropped, irrigated land.
  • Its acquisition is typically subject to provisions for compensation and rehabilitation but not outright restrictions like those for agricultural land.
• Urban Land:
  • Urban land is used for residential, commercial, and municipal purposes and is often acquired for infrastructure development, such as roads, schools, or public utilities.
  • While such acquisitions are regulated to ensure fair compensation and rehabilitation, urban land is not subject to the stringent restrictions imposed on multi-cropped, irrigated land.
• Private Land:
  • Private land refers to property owned by individuals or entities. It can be acquired under the law for public purposes, subject to the consent of landowners and provisions for fair compensation and rehabilitation.
  • However, it does not have the same protection as multi-cropped, irrigated land, as private land is often used for purposes other than agriculture.

The correct answer is '1894'.

Key Points

• Introduction of the first Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 was introduced during British rule in India. It was the first codified legal framework for acquiring private land for public purposes, such as infrastructure development or administrative needs.
  • This Act aimed to provide a systematic procedure for acquiring land while compensating landowners, though the compensation was often inadequate.
  • The Act empowered the government to compulsorily acquire land if it was deemed necessary for public use, with limited scope for the landowners to challenge the acquisition.
  • Post-independence, the Act continued to be in use but faced criticism for being outdated and unfair. It was eventually replaced by the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (1984): This year does not mark the introduction of the first land acquisition law. However, amendments to the 1894 Act were made during the 1980s to address some of its limitations, though these amendments were still considered inadequate.
  • Option 3 (1784): This year predates the codification of any formal land acquisition laws in India. During this period, British colonial interests focused on trade and governance, but no structured legal framework for land acquisition existed.
  • Option 4 (1694): This year falls within the early colonial era when the British East India Company was primarily engaged in trade activities. Legal frameworks for land acquisition were not established until much later.

• Legacy of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894:
  • The 1894 Act shaped land acquisition processes in India for over a century but was criticized for favoring the government and neglecting the rights of landowners and affected communities.
  • The Act lacked provisions for rehabilitation and resettlement of displaced persons, leading to widespread social and economic challenges.
  • Its replacement in 2013 was aimed at addressing these shortcomings by ensuring fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation measures.

The correct answer is 'Section 10 .'

Key Points

• Special provision to safeguard food security:
  • Section 10 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act) deals specifically with safeguarding food security.
  • This section restricts the acquisition of multi-crop irrigated land, which is essential for agricultural productivity and food security.
  • It stipulates that such land can only be acquired under exceptional circumstances, and even then, an equivalent area of cultivable land must be developed to compensate for the loss.
  • This provision ensures that the country's food security is not compromised due to land acquisition projects, which might otherwise lead to reduced agricultural output.

Additional Information

• Incorrect options explained:
  • Section 7:
    • Section 7 of the RFCTLARR Act deals with the publication of the preliminary notification for land acquisition and related procedural steps.
    • It does not address food security or the restrictions on acquiring multi-crop irrigated land.
  • Section 9:
    • Section 9 pertains to the declaration of the acquisition and the issuance of a public notice regarding the intent to acquire land.
    • It does not contain provisions related to safeguarding food security.
  • Section 5:
    • Section 5 of the Act addresses the requirement for a social impact assessment study before proceeding with land acquisition.
    • Although this section is important for assessing the impact on communities, it does not specifically deal with food security provisions.

About the RFCTLARR Act, 2013

• The RFCTLARR Act, 2013 was enacted to ensure fair compensation and transparency in land acquisition processes, while also addressing rehabilitation and resettlement concerns.
• The Act replaced the archaic Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and introduced measures to minimize the negative impact of land acquisition on affected families.
• Key objectives include striking a balance between economic development and protecting the rights of landowners and livelihood providers.

The correct answer is '2013'

Key Points

• Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The latest changes to the land acquisition law in India were brought through the enactment of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013.
  • This law replaced the colonial-era Land Acquisition Act of 1894, addressing widespread concerns about forced land acquisitions and inadequate compensation.
  • The 2013 Act aimed to ensure fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation for those affected by land acquisitions. It emphasized the consent of landowners and social impact assessments before acquiring land.
  • Key provisions included mandatory consent from 70% of affected families in the case of public-private partnership projects and 80% for private projects, along with a comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement plan.
  • The Act also laid down stricter timelines for completing land acquisition processes to avoid delays and disputes.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (2012): This year saw discussions and debates about reforming land acquisition laws, but the final legislation was passed in 2013. Hence, 2012 is not the correct answer.
  • Option 2 (2015): In 2015, the government proposed amendments to the 2013 Act to simplify the acquisition process for certain categories of projects. However, these amendments faced opposition and were not fully implemented. The core law remains the 2013 Act.
  • Option 3 (2020): No significant changes to the land acquisition law were made in 2020. Discussions on land reforms and related issues continued, but no new legislation replaced or significantly altered the 2013 Act.
• Importance of the 2013 Act:
  • The 2013 Act marked a progressive shift in land acquisition laws by prioritizing the rights and welfare of affected individuals and ensuring transparency in the process.
  • It addressed longstanding grievances related to arbitrary land acquisitions and inadequate compensation under the 1894 Act.

The correct answer is '1894'.

Key Points

• Introduction of the first Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 was introduced during British rule in India. It was the first codified legal framework for acquiring private land for public purposes, such as infrastructure development or administrative needs.
  • This Act aimed to provide a systematic procedure for acquiring land while compensating landowners, though the compensation was often inadequate.
  • The Act empowered the government to compulsorily acquire land if it was deemed necessary for public use, with limited scope for the landowners to challenge the acquisition.
  • Post-independence, the Act continued to be in use but faced criticism for being outdated and unfair. It was eventually replaced by the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (1984): This year does not mark the introduction of the first land acquisition law. However, amendments to the 1894 Act were made during the 1980s to address some of its limitations, though these amendments were still considered inadequate.
  • Option 3 (1784): This year predates the codification of any formal land acquisition laws in India. During this period, British colonial interests focused on trade and governance, but no structured legal framework for land acquisition existed.
  • Option 4 (1694): This year falls within the early colonial era when the British East India Company was primarily engaged in trade activities. Legal frameworks for land acquisition were not established until much later.

• Legacy of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894:
  • The 1894 Act shaped land acquisition processes in India for over a century but was criticized for favoring the government and neglecting the rights of landowners and affected communities.
  • The Act lacked provisions for rehabilitation and resettlement of displaced persons, leading to widespread social and economic challenges.
  • Its replacement in 2013 was aimed at addressing these shortcomings by ensuring fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation measures.

The correct answer is Option 2Key Points Section 1:- Short Title, Extent, and Commencement:

• Short Title: This Act shall be called the Land Acquisition Act, 1894.
• Extent: It extends to the whole of India, except the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Commencement: This Act shall come into force on the 1st day of March, 1894.

The correct answer is 'Section 10 .'

Key Points

• Special provision to safeguard food security:
  • Section 10 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act) deals specifically with safeguarding food security.
  • This section restricts the acquisition of multi-crop irrigated land, which is essential for agricultural productivity and food security.
  • It stipulates that such land can only be acquired under exceptional circumstances, and even then, an equivalent area of cultivable land must be developed to compensate for the loss.
  • This provision ensures that the country's food security is not compromised due to land acquisition projects, which might otherwise lead to reduced agricultural output.

Additional Information

• Incorrect options explained:
  • Section 7:
    • Section 7 of the RFCTLARR Act deals with the publication of the preliminary notification for land acquisition and related procedural steps.
    • It does not address food security or the restrictions on acquiring multi-crop irrigated land.
  • Section 9:
    • Section 9 pertains to the declaration of the acquisition and the issuance of a public notice regarding the intent to acquire land.
    • It does not contain provisions related to safeguarding food security.
  • Section 5:
    • Section 5 of the Act addresses the requirement for a social impact assessment study before proceeding with land acquisition.
    • Although this section is important for assessing the impact on communities, it does not specifically deal with food security provisions.

About the RFCTLARR Act, 2013

• The RFCTLARR Act, 2013 was enacted to ensure fair compensation and transparency in land acquisition processes, while also addressing rehabilitation and resettlement concerns.
• The Act replaced the archaic Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and introduced measures to minimize the negative impact of land acquisition on affected families.
• Key objectives include striking a balance between economic development and protecting the rights of landowners and livelihood providers.

The correct answer is '2013'

Key Points

• Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The latest changes to the land acquisition law in India were brought through the enactment of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013.
  • This law replaced the colonial-era Land Acquisition Act of 1894, addressing widespread concerns about forced land acquisitions and inadequate compensation.
  • The 2013 Act aimed to ensure fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation for those affected by land acquisitions. It emphasized the consent of landowners and social impact assessments before acquiring land.
  • Key provisions included mandatory consent from 70% of affected families in the case of public-private partnership projects and 80% for private projects, along with a comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement plan.
  • The Act also laid down stricter timelines for completing land acquisition processes to avoid delays and disputes.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (2012): This year saw discussions and debates about reforming land acquisition laws, but the final legislation was passed in 2013. Hence, 2012 is not the correct answer.
  • Option 2 (2015): In 2015, the government proposed amendments to the 2013 Act to simplify the acquisition process for certain categories of projects. However, these amendments faced opposition and were not fully implemented. The core law remains the 2013 Act.
  • Option 3 (2020): No significant changes to the land acquisition law were made in 2020. Discussions on land reforms and related issues continued, but no new legislation replaced or significantly altered the 2013 Act.
• Importance of the 2013 Act:
  • The 2013 Act marked a progressive shift in land acquisition laws by prioritizing the rights and welfare of affected individuals and ensuring transparency in the process.
  • It addressed longstanding grievances related to arbitrary land acquisitions and inadequate compensation under the 1894 Act.

The correct answer is 'B and C '.

Key Points

• Possession of land by the government before compensation:
  • Under certain circumstances, the government has the authority to take possession of land before paying compensation. This provision is applied in situations where urgent action is required for specific national interests.
  • Two such scenarios include the minimum area required for national security and the minimum area required for emergency response to calamities or other emergencies.
  • The urgency in these situations justifies bypassing the usual process of compensation payment before land possession, as they are critical to public safety and national interest.
• National Security:
  • The government may acquire land urgently for national security purposes when such land is essential for defense operations or securing the nation from external threats.
  • The minimum area required for such projects ensures that land acquisition is limited to what is absolutely necessary for the specific purpose.
• Emergency Response:
  • Land may also be acquired urgently for emergency responses, such as dealing with natural disasters, calamities, or other emergencies, where immediate action is required to prevent loss of life or property.
  • In such cases, the government prioritizes swift action over procedural delays, including compensation payments, to address the emergency effectively.

Additional Information

• Area required for defense of India (Option A):
  • This option is incorrect because land acquisition for general defense purposes does not necessarily bypass the compensation process. The urgency factor depends on the specific circumstances, not all defense-related projects qualify for immediate possession.
• Minimum area required for national security (Option B):
  • This option is correct as it involves urgent land acquisition for national security purposes where immediate possession is justified.
• Minimum area required for emergency response to calamities or other emergencies (Option C):
  • This option is correct as it involves urgent possession of land to deal with emergencies where delays could result in loss of life or property.
• Combination of A and C (Option 4):
  • This option is incorrect because not all projects related to defense fall under the category requiring urgent possession without compensation.
• Combination of A and B (Option 1):
  • This option is incorrect because it includes general defense purposes (Option A), which do not always qualify for immediate possession without compensation.

The correct answer is 'Multi-cropped, irrigated land.'

Key Points

• Multi-cropped, irrigated land:
  • The New Land Acquisition Law, formally known as the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013, places significant restrictions on acquiring certain types of land.
  • Multi-cropped, irrigated land is highly fertile and primarily used for agricultural purposes. It plays a vital role in ensuring food security for the nation.
  • Under the law, such land cannot be acquired except under rare circumstances, such as for defense purposes or emergencies caused by natural calamities, to protect the interests of farmers and preserve agricultural productivity.
  • This restriction reflects the government's intention to minimize disruption to agriculture and prevent the overuse of fertile land for industrial or urban development.

Additional Information

• Industrial Land:
  • Industrial land refers to areas designated for industries and manufacturing. Such land can be acquired under the law if it meets the requirements for public purpose or development, but it does not enjoy the same legal protection as multi-cropped, irrigated land.
  • Its acquisition is typically subject to provisions for compensation and rehabilitation but not outright restrictions like those for agricultural land.
• Urban Land:
  • Urban land is used for residential, commercial, and municipal purposes and is often acquired for infrastructure development, such as roads, schools, or public utilities.
  • While such acquisitions are regulated to ensure fair compensation and rehabilitation, urban land is not subject to the stringent restrictions imposed on multi-cropped, irrigated land.
• Private Land:
  • Private land refers to property owned by individuals or entities. It can be acquired under the law for public purposes, subject to the consent of landowners and provisions for fair compensation and rehabilitation.
  • However, it does not have the same protection as multi-cropped, irrigated land, as private land is often used for purposes other than agriculture.

The correct answer is '1894'.

Key Points

• Introduction of the first Land Acquisition Law in India:
  • The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 was introduced during British rule in India. It was the first codified legal framework for acquiring private land for public purposes, such as infrastructure development or administrative needs.
  • This Act aimed to provide a systematic procedure for acquiring land while compensating landowners, though the compensation was often inadequate.
  • The Act empowered the government to compulsorily acquire land if it was deemed necessary for public use, with limited scope for the landowners to challenge the acquisition.
  • Post-independence, the Act continued to be in use but faced criticism for being outdated and unfair. It was eventually replaced by the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

Additional Information

• Overview of Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (1984): This year does not mark the introduction of the first land acquisition law. However, amendments to the 1894 Act were made during the 1980s to address some of its limitations, though these amendments were still considered inadequate.
  • Option 3 (1784): This year predates the codification of any formal land acquisition laws in India. During this period, British colonial interests focused on trade and governance, but no structured legal framework for land acquisition existed.
  • Option 4 (1694): This year falls within the early colonial era when the British East India Company was primarily engaged in trade activities. Legal frameworks for land acquisition were not established until much later.

• Legacy of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894:
  • The 1894 Act shaped land acquisition processes in India for over a century but was criticized for favoring the government and neglecting the rights of landowners and affected communities.
  • The Act lacked provisions for rehabilitation and resettlement of displaced persons, leading to widespread social and economic challenges.
  • Its replacement in 2013 was aimed at addressing these shortcomings by ensuring fair compensation, transparency, and rehabilitation measures.

The correct answer is option 2

Key Points 

• Section 49 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 specifies that if the owner of a house, manufactory, or other building desires the whole property to be acquired, the Act cannot be enforced to acquire only a part of it. Additionally, if there is a dispute regarding whether the land proposed for acquisition forms part of the property, the Collector must refer the matter to the Court before proceeding. If the government determines that the acquisition of the whole property is necessary due to unreasonable claims, they can order the acquisition of the entire property without the need for fresh proceedings.