Introduction to Computers MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Introduction to Computers - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is A cold boot restarts the operating system from a powered-off state, while a warm boot restarts it from a running state.

Key Points

• Cold boot, also known as a hard reboot, involves starting the computer after it has been completely powered off.
• Warm boot, also called a soft reboot, refers to restarting the computer without turning off the power, usually initiated from the operating system.
• A cold boot reinitializes hardware components and starts the operating system from scratch, clearing all volatile memory.
• A warm boot typically resets the software environment and reloads the operating system without affecting hardware states significantly.
• Cold boot is often used to resolve hardware issues or complete system resets, while warm boot is faster and used for troubleshooting software-related problems.

Additional Information

• BIOS and POST:
  • During a cold boot, the BIOS performs a Power-On Self Test (POST) to check hardware functionality before loading the operating system.
  • Warm boot bypasses the POST, which saves time in restarting the system.
• Volatile Memory:
  • RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile and loses its data during a cold boot.
  • Warm boot does not clear RAM entirely, allowing faster reboot but retaining potential errors in memory.
• System Recovery:
  • Cold boot is often used for recovering from severe system crashes or hardware failures.
  • Warm boot is suitable for applying system updates or fixing minor software glitches.
• Shutdown vs Restart:
  • Shutdown completely powers off the computer, leading to a cold boot upon restarting.
  • Restart is a warm boot process that reloads the system without cutting power to the hardware.

The correct answer is 128.

Key Points

• The standard ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard used in computers and electronic devices.
• It was developed in the early 1960s and assigns a unique numerical value to each character.
• Standard ASCII uses 7 bits to represent characters, allowing for 2⁷ = 128 unique characters.
• The 128 characters include control characters (0–31), printable characters (32–126), and the DEL (delete) character (127).
• Examples of characters in the ASCII set include letters (A-Z, a-z), numbers (0-9), punctuation marks, and special symbols.

Additional Information

• Extended ASCII:
  • Extended ASCII uses 8 bits and can represent 256 characters, adding an additional 128 characters to the standard ASCII set.
  • The extra characters include symbols, foreign language characters, and graphical symbols.
• Control Characters:
  • Control characters (ASCII values 0–31) are non-printable and are used for device control, such as newline (10) and tab (9).
  • These characters are essential in communication protocols and data formatting.
• Printable Characters:
  • Printable characters (ASCII values 32–126) include visible symbols like letters, numbers, and punctuation marks.
  • For example, the ASCII value for 'A' is 65, and for 'a' is 97.
• Unicode:
  • Unicode is a modern encoding standard that extends beyond ASCII, supporting over 140,000 characters from various scripts and languages globally.
  • It is backward compatible with ASCII, meaning the first 128 characters in Unicode are identical to standard ASCII.

The correct answer is Windows 10.

Key Points

• Windows 10 is a widely used operating system developed by Microsoft for personal computers, laptops, and tablets.
• It was officially released on July 29, 2015, and has since become one of the most popular desktop operating systems globally.
• Windows 10 introduced features like the Start Menu, Cortana (AI assistant), and Microsoft Edge browser, providing a seamless user experience.
• The operating system supports various software applications and provides compatibility for hardware devices, making it suitable for both professional and personal use.
• Windows 10 receives regular updates from Microsoft to ensure better performance, security, and new features.

Additional Information

• Operating System (OS):
  • An operating system is system software that manages hardware and software resources and provides services for computer programs.
  • Examples of popular desktop operating systems include Windows, macOS, and Linux.
• Microsoft Word:
  • Microsoft Word is a word processing software developed by Microsoft, not an operating system.
  • It is commonly used for creating and editing text documents.
• Google Chrome:
  • Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google, not an operating system.
  • It is used for accessing websites and browsing the internet.
• Adobe Photoshop:
  • Adobe Photoshop is a graphic design and photo editing software developed by Adobe Systems, not an operating system.
  • It is used for tasks such as editing images and creating digital artwork.
• Windows 11:
  • The latest version of Microsoft's operating system, Windows 11, was launched on October 5, 2021.
  • It introduced a redesigned user interface and enhanced productivity tools while maintaining compatibility with Windows 10 applications.

The correct option is (2)

Output device

Key Points

• Dot matrix printers output as dots, allowing for the printing of any character shape. This enables printing of unique characters, charts, graphs, etc. Impact printers include dot matrix printers in their category.
• Dot matrix printing, also known as impact matrix printing, is a computer printing technique in which ink is applied to a surface while using a dot matrix with a layout that is relatively low-resolution.
• An output device is a piece of machinery or hardware that, after processing input data (translating it from machine language to a human-understandable language), outputs the processed data. such as a printer, a monitor, etc.

Additional Information

Processing device:- The parts of the computer system that handle information processing are called processing devices.

Memory devices:- Memory gadgets, A memory is similar to the human brain. It serves as a data and instruction storage device.

Input devices:- An input device is a piece of hardware used in computing to send data and control signals to a system that processes information, like a computer or information appliance. Keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones are a few examples of input devices.

The correct answer is All of the above.

• The 64-bit "word size" is only one aspect of internal processing and does not mean it is twice as fast as 32 bits.
• Information in computers is normally represented in bits, a binary sequence of ones and zeros.
• Specifically, a sequence of n bits can represent 2ⁿ different pieces of information.

Key Points

• The bits of the operating system and processor tells you the amount of information that can be processed by your CPU whenever it operates.
• With a 64-bit word size, the size of the chunks which your processor can handle data is doubled when compared to 32-bits.
• Using a 64-bit operating system with a 64-bit processor, the system can perform an increased number of calculations per second.

 Important Points

•  Advantages of the 64-bit system:
  • Enhanced Security features
  • Better computer performance 
  • Increased memory support
  • Better software performance

The correct answer is Query language.

Key Points

The various generations of computers are listed below:

The correct answer is Integrated circuits.

Key Points

Third Generation (1964-1977):

• This generation was introduced by the development of a small chip consisting of the capacity of the 300 transistors
• These Integrated Circuits (IC)s are popularly known as Chips.
• So it is quite obvious that the size of the computer got further reduced
• Some of the computers developed during this period were IBM-360, ICL-1900, IBM-370, and VAX-750
• Higher-level language such as BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) was developed during this period​

Additional Information

The correct answer is PARAM 8000.

Key Points

• PARAM 8000 is considered to be the first supercomputer developed in India.
• PARAM is a series of supercomputers developed by C-DAC in Pune.
• PARAM supercomputers developed under the leadership of Vijay P Bhatkar.
• Supercomputers developed by India are EKA, PARAM, Kabru, Blue Gene.
• Pratyush is India's fastest supercomputer.

Additional Information

• SAGA 220 is the supercomputer developed by ISRO in 2011.
• PARAM Yuva II is the fastest in the prestigious PARAM series of Supercomputers built in India.
• SAHASRA T provides service in the fields of aerospace engineering, meteorology predictions, and astrological simulation.
• Seymour Cray is considered the father of the supercomputer.
• CDC 6600 is the world's first supercomputer.

 Important Points

• As of June 2023, the AIRAWAT supercomputer is the fastest supercomputer in India, having been ranked 75th fastest in the world in the TOP500 supercomputer list.

The correct answer is MHz.

Key Points

• Speed of Processor
  • ​Processor speed is relative to the clock speed which is measured in units of cycles per second.
  • CPUs run at rates of millions and billions of Hertz, megahertz(MHz) and gigahertz(GHz).
  • A clock speed of 3.5 GHz to 4.0GHz is generally considered a good processor speed.

Additional Information

• Processor(CPU)
  • A CPU is also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executing instructions comprising a computer program.
  • The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output operations specified by the instructions in the program.
  • The fundamental operation of most CPU's regardless of the physical form they take is to execute a sequence of stored instructions called a program. 
• Instructions cycle in Processor(CPU)
  • All CPU's follows the following steps in order to complete their operations:
    1. Fetch: The first step, involves retrieving instructions from the program memory.
    2. Decode: The instruction that the CPU fetches from the memory determines what the CPU will do, which is decoded by the instructor decoder.
    3. Execute: In this step, all the desired functions are performed as per the instructions decoded.

The correct answer is Numerical. 
"Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer".

Key Points 

• In the year 1945, the first electronic general-purpose and digital computer, ENIAC was introduced.
• The full form of the ENIAC is Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.
• ENIAC was first used by the US Army's Ballistic research.

Thus the correct answer is Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.

Additional Information 

• First-generation computer: In the first-generation computer, the technology used is a vacuum tube. It is made of glass and was very much fragile. 
• Second-generation computer: In the second-generation computer, the technology used is a transistor. The material used behind the transistor is made of a semiconductor.
• Third-generation computer: In the third-generation computer, the technology used is an IC or Integrated Circuit. In this generation, high-level language is used.
• Fourth-generation computer: In the fourth-generation computer, the technology used is VLSI and microprocessor.
• Fifth-generation computer: In the fifth-generation computer, the technology used is ULSI technology.

The correct answer is high-level language.

• Python is a high-level language.

Key Points

• Python
  • It is a high-level language.
  • It allows programming in Object-Oriented and Procedural paradigms. 
  • The language was created by Guido van Rossum.
  • It was first released in 1991.
  • It is used for web development (server-side), software development, mathematic, and system scripting.
  • It can work on platforms like Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc

Additional Information

• Machine language and Assembly language are an example of a low-level language.
  • Machine language is a low-level language that is comprised of binary digits i.e. ones and zeros. 
  • An assembly language is a language designed for a specific type of processor.

The correct answer is Third Generation.

• Generation in computer terminology is a change in technology a computer is/was being used.
• Initially, the generation term was used to distinguish between varying hardware technologies.
• Nowadays, generation includes both hardware and software, which together make up an entire computer system.

Important Points

• There are five computer generations known to date:

  GENERATION	DESCRIPTION
  1st (1946-1959)	Vacuum tube-based.
  2nd (1959-1965)	Transistor-based.
  3rd (1965-1971)	Integrated Circuit based.
  4th (1971-1980)	VLSI microprocessor-based.
  5th (1980-onwards)	ULSI microprocessor-based.

The correct answer is Terabytes (TB).

• 1 Petabyte = 1024 Terabytes.
• The units of Computer Memory Measurements are: ​
  •  1 Bit = Binary Digit.
  •  8 Bits = 1 Byte
  • 1024 Bytes = 1 KB (Kilo Byte)
  • 1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte)
  • 1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte)
  • 1024 GB = 1 TB (Terra Byte)
  • 1024 TB = 1 PB (Petabyte)
  • 1024 PB = 1  EB (Exa Byte)
• ​Geop byte is the highest memory measurement unit.

The correct answer is: Option 1) Virus

Key Points

• A Virus is a piece of programming code that inserts itself into another program or file to spread and cause damage (e.g., corrupting data, stealing information, or disrupting system operations).

• Malware (Option 2) is a broader term that includes viruses, worms, ransomware, etc., but the question specifies a "piece of code inserted into another program," which matches a virus more precisely.

• Spam (Option 3) refers to unwanted emails/messages, not malicious code.

• Viral (Option 4) describes content spreading rapidly online, not a harmful program.

• A virus requires a host program to attach itself to, while other malware (like worms) can operate independently.

Final Answer:
✅ Option 1) Virus

The correct answer is Douglas T Ross.

Key Points

• APT stands for Automatically Programmed Tool.
  • It was developed by Douglas T Ross.
  • It is a language that defines the tool path with respect to the part geometry and often forms the basis for post-processor generated NC files.

Additional Information

• The APT programming language is a language for defining tool paths on CNC machines.
• The APT language consists of four types of statements:
  • ​Geometry statements will be used to specify the elemental features defining the part shape
  • Motion statements are used to specify the path taken by the tool
  • Post-processor statements control the machinery, controlling coolants as well as the feeds and speeds.
  • Auxiliary statements complete the picture, specifying the part, required tools, etc.